Unit 1 Exam Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is a pistil?
It is the seed producing part of the flower, this is the FEMALE reproductive part of the plant
What is DNA and what does it stand for?
It is a long ladder like structure which holds information about your inherited traits. It stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.
What is the stamen?
The part of the flower in which contains the pollen, this is the MALE reproductive part.
What is angiosperm?
They are flowering plants, they produce flowers
What is gymnosperm?
They produce seeds in cones, cone producing plants
What is a spore?
They are single called reproductive structures
What is a seed?
They are multi called reproductive structures.
What is a dominant trait?
A trait that will automatically present on the offspring when given. Only one parent is needed to supply this trait.
What is a recessive trait?
It is a trait that both parents are needed to supply. If in the genetic code it might not show up if a dominant trait is present.
What is asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction? Also give examples of both.
Asexual- type of reproduction where only one parent is needed. An example of this is binary fission.
Sexual- type of reproduction where two parents are needed.
What is a transgenic animal or organism?
This is an organism that is produced by moving the DNA of one organism to another to create a new genetic combination.
What is meiosis?
This is the duplication of gametes, or sex cells. This happens by having 23 pairs of chromosomes which then double into 46 pairs. After that they split. Each with 23 pairs(two now) they then split once again creating 4 different sets of 23 SINGLE chromosomes.
What is mitosis?
This is the duplication of somatic cells, or body cells. The 23 pairs of chromosomes duplicate to 46 pairs then they spilt leaving you with two 23 pairs of chromosomes which are the same.
What is a gene?
It is a part of DNA which controls(codes) how a cell functions.
What is genetic engineering/ biotechnology?
It is the process of growing artificial genes to create human organs in different organisms.
What is a Chromosome?
Ina cell they are tightly packed strands of DNA.
What is DNA made of?
Sugars and phosphates.
What is a genetic code?
They control the sequences of the proteins that form DNA.
What are the “rungs on the ladder” made of? (chromosomes)
It is made of nitrogen based in 4 forms.
Adenine-Thymine
(^pairs that always go together)
Guanine-Cytosine
What is Meiosis?
Formation of sex cells.
What is mitosis?
Formation of somatic cells
What does nature vs. nurture mean?
It is a debate that states the nature side of it is that the traits come from your genes and nurture traits come from how you where raised.
What are the types of asexual reproduction and explain.
Binary fission- where the original cell duplicates all its material inside. When done duplicating it splits in half leaving two identical cells.
Asexual spores- where one parents produces a spore which is carried out and lands somewhere. It then grows where ever it lands.
Vegetative growth in plants- where someone cuts off a part of a plant then planting that part somewhere else.
Budding- where one parents produces a “bud” on itself. When this bud is completely grown it detaches and lives.
What is bacterial conjugation?
This is where two parents create a connection in which they exchange genetic material but no offspring is created.
