unit 1: history and approaches

Question 1

an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind

Answer 1

structuralism

Question 2

school of psych that focuses on how our mental and behavior process function- how they enable us to adapt survive, and flourish

Answer 2

functionalism

Question 3

study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method

Answer 3

experimental psychology

Question 4

the view that psych should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes. (most psychs agree with objective science part)

Answer 4

behaviorism

Question 5

historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual’s potential for personal growth

Answer 5

humanistic psychology

Question 6

interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition

Answer 6

cognitive neuroscience

Question 7

scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Answer 7

psychology

Question 8

longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors.

Answer 8

nature vs. nurture

Question 9

the principle , among the range of inherited trait variations, that those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations

Answer 9

natural selection

Question 10

integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and sociocultural levels of analysis

Answer 10

biopsychosocial approach

Question 11

branch of psych concerned with links between biology and behavior

Answer 11

biological psychology

Question 12

study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection.

Answer 12

evolutionary psychology

Question 13

branch of psych that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that info to treat people with psychological disorders.

Answer 13

psychodynamic psychology

Question 14

scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning

Answer 14

behavioral psychology

Question 15

study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing remembering, and communicating.

Answer 15

cognitive psychology

Question 16

study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking

Answer 16

social-cultural psychology

Question 17

study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits

Answer 17

psychometrics

Question 18

pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

Answer 18

basic research

Question 19

the scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span

Answer 19

developmental psychology

Question 20

the study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning

Answer 20

educational psychology

Question 21

study of an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feelings and acting.

Answer 21

personality psychology

Question 22

study of how we think about, influences, and relate to one another

Answer 22

social psychology

Question 23

study that aims to solve practical problems

Answer 23

applied research

Question 24

the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces.

Answer 24

industrial-organizational psychology

Question 25

study of how people and machines interact and the design of safe and easily used machines and environments

Answer 25

human factors psychology

Question 26

branch of psych that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being

Answer 26

counseling psychology

Question 27

branch of psych that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders

Answer 27

clinical psychology

Question 28

branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders.

Answer 28

psychiatry

Question 29

-established the first psychology lab in Germany -father of psych

Answer 29

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 30

-created functionalism -first American psychologist -author of "principles of psychology"

Answer 30

William James

Question 31

-first PHD in psych -founded APA, first president

Answer 31

G. Stanley Hall

Question 32

-first female president of the APA -hardvard refused PHD

Answer 32

Mary Calkins

Question 33

-first woman to get PHD in psych -2nd female president of APA

Answer 33

Margaret Washburn

Question 34

the whole is greater than the sum of its parts

Answer 34

Gestalt Psychology

Question 35

freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts.

Answer 35

psychoanalysis

Question 36

selecting from or made up from a variety of sources

Answer 36

eclectic