Unit 1 "Interactions and Ecosystems"

Question 1

Interaction between living and nonliving things.

Answer 1

An ecosystem

Question 2

Needs of living things?

Answer 2

Food, water, air, shelter.

Question 3

Nonliving factors such as water, air, sunlight, soil, rocks, temperature, etc.

Answer 3

Abiotic factors?

Question 4

Living factors such as plants, animals, and insects.

Answer 4

Biotic factors?

Question 5

Two species living close together in a relationship.

Answer 5

Symbiosis?

Question 6

One organism benefits while the other is harmed.

Answer 6

Parasitism

Question 7

Both organisms benefit.

Answer 7

Mutualism

Question 8

One organism benefits while the other one is neither helped nor harmed.

Answer 8

Commensalism?

Question 9

The measure of how much of an impact you have on the environment.

Answer 9

Ecological footprint?

Question 10

The role that each organism plays in an ecosystem.

Answer 10

Niche?

Question 11

Sun → grass → rabbit → eagle

[‘→’ means give energy to.]

Answer 11

Food chain?

Question 12

Plants that make their own food and make all other life possible. They are the base of all food chains, webs, and pyramids of numbers.

Answer 12

Producer?

Question 13

An organism that eats the food made by the producers.

Answer 13

Consumers

Question 14

An organism that eats plants

Answer 14

Herbivore

Question 15

An organism that eats other consumers.

Answer 15

Carnivore

Question 16

An organism that eats other consumers and plants.

Answer 16

Omnivore

Question 17

Organisms that break down (absorb) dead or waste material (e.g. fungi & bacteria).

Answer 17

Decomposers

Question 18

Organisms that eat dead or decaying plants or animals (e.g. hyena, crow, vulture).

Answer 18

Scavengers

Question 19

What is the difference between predator and prey?

Answer 19

Predator hunts to eat prey.

Example: lynx (cat) and a hare (bunny).

Question 20

Turning liquid in rivers, streams, oceans into vapor.

Answer 20

Evaporation

Question 21

Evaporation of water from plant leaves.

Answer 21

Transpiration

Question 22

Water falling from clouds as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.

Answer 22

Precipitation

Question 23

Water vapor turns into liquid as the water-air cools (forming clouds).

Answer 23

Condensation

Question 24

Water in soil, runs off into lakes, rivers, streams, etc.

Answer 24

Groundwater

Question 25

Necessary for all life. Cycle of carbon through: - Plants uptake carbon (through photosynthesis) - Herbivores & Carnivores eat plants and animals and release excess carbon back into the atmosphere through exhaling. - Animals die and decompose, releasing carbon dioxide into the air. - Cutting down trees or forest fires release carbon into the atmosphere. - Fossil fuel combustion results in carbon emissions.

Answer 25

Carbon cycle

Question 26

The water cycle

Answer 26

Precipitation - surface runoff - groundwater, evaporation and transpiration, condensation

Question 27

Happens in a single organism over their lifetime. Results in a higher concentration of pollutants in older individuals.

Answer 27

Bioaccumulation

Question 28

Pollutants that enter a food chain/web and accumulate in the higher trophic level consumers.

Answer 28

Biomagnification

Question 29

Pyramid of numbers

Answer 29

The number of individual organisms at each level. # of organisms decrease with each level (hence a pyramid). Producers are the base! ## Footnote more producers than tertiary consumers