Unit 1-Isotopes

Question 1

What is a radioisotope? Example

Answer 1

An isotope that is unstable. Radioisotopes have too many protons for the number of neutrons that can control them. (hold the nucleus together)

Uranium – 238 is an example it emits radiation

Question 2

What is Isotopic notation?

Answer 2

Mass number in top left corner
Atomic number in the bottom left corner
top right corner is charge

Question 3

Do an isotopic notation question

Answer 3

Go

Question 4

ARAM question

Answer 4

Did you remember units?

Question 5

What are the three types of radiation?

Answer 5

Alpha beta and gamma

Question 6

Draw the symbol for Alpha

Answer 6

Fish

Question 7

Draw the symbol for Beta

Answer 7

B

Question 8

What is the symbol for gamma?

Answer 8

Taurus

Question 9

What happens to the nucleus when an alpha particle is released?

Answer 9

Loss of two neutrons and two protons

Question 10

What happens to the nucleus when a beta particle is released?

Answer 10

A neutron is converted into a proton and an electron is released from the nucleus

Question 11

What happens when a GammaRay is released?

Answer 11

The nucleus lowers in energy

Question 12

What is the penetration in the air for an alpha particle and an effective barrier?

Answer 12

A few centimeters and a piece of paper

Question 13

What is the penetration air for a beta particle and what is an effective barrier?

Answer 13

A few meters in 1 to 2 mm of metal

Question 14

What is the penetration in the air of a gamma ray and what is an effective barrier?

Answer 14

It is unlimited and 1 metre of lead or concrete.

Question 15

What is a beta particle?

Answer 15

A fast-moving electron from the nucleus

Question 16

What is an alpha particle?

Answer 16

Positively charged nuclear particle it looks like helium

Question 17

What is a Gamma Ray?

Answer 17

Energy released from an atomic nucleus

Question 18

Half life question

Answer 18

Hi

Question 19

Alpha or beta question

Answer 19

.

Question 20

What is an isotope? Example

Answer 20

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons are isotopes of each other
Li-6 Li-7

Question 21

what are the benefits and risks of radioisotopes?

Answer 21

useful in screening cancer and X-rays 
causes damage to living tissue 
can result in mutation
radiation sickness 
cancer and death

Question 22

what is carbon-14 dating used for and how does it work?

Answer 22

it is used to measure the amount of time since organism died
using the ratio of carbon-14 atoms.
using the half life of carbon we can use the amount left to calculate the amount of time that has passed.

Question 23

Draw Bohr diagrams

Answer 23

-

Question 24

ARAM

Answer 24

Average Relative Atomic Mass

The masses on the periodic table are averages.

Out of 1000 atoms

Question 25

Radioisotopes | what do neutrons do to stabilize the nucleus?

Answer 25

While protons repel each other, neutrons keep them apart and exert an attractive force (QUARKS) there is an ideal ratio

Question 26

ion

Answer 26

an atom that has required a charge as result of losing or gaining electrons

Question 27

atom

Answer 27

The smallest particle of an element which still retains the elements' properties

Question 28

atomic number

Answer 28

The number of protons in the nucleus

Question 29

proton

Answer 29

A positively charged particle in the nucleus with the mass of 1 AMU

Question 30

neutron

Answer 30

A neutral particle (change zero) in the nucleus with the mass of one AMU

Question 31

electron

Answer 31

A negatively charged particle outside the nucleus with a very small mass

Question 32

Zeff

Answer 32

The attractive force an electron feels toward or repulsed from the nucleus

Question 33

atomic mass

Answer 33

The mass of an atomic particle expressed in AMU

Question 34

mass number

Answer 34

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus

Question 35

Composition of an atom | diagram

Answer 35

-

Question 35

Define Radioactive

Answer 35

The spontaneous emission of radiation in the form of particles and/or gamma rays

Question 35

Half-life

Answer 35

The time taken for half of the original number of radioactive atoms to decay (exponential decay) ex polonium's half life is 0.16 seconds