Unit 1 Key Area 1: The Structure of DNA Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is DNA made up of?
Nucleotides
What are Nucleotides made up of?
Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and a base.
Backbone of DNA?
Sugar-phosphate backbone
What are the base pairings?
Adenine—Thymine and
Guanine—Cytosine
What holds bases together?
Hydrogen bonds
What is the structure of DNA?
Double stranded anti-parralel structure
What end is phosphate at?
5’
What end is the Deoxyribose sugar at?
3’
What organisms have Prokaryotic DNA?
No nucleus
What is Prokaryotic DNA?
It contains 1 circular chromosome and smaller circular plasmids.
What organisms have Eukaryotic DNA?
They have a nucleus.
What is in Eukaryotic DNA?
they contain linear chromosomes INSIDE THE NUCLEUS which are tightly coiled and packaged with associated proteins (histones)
What else does Eukaryotic DNA contain? (circular)
They also contain circular chromosomes in their mitochondria and chloroplasts
How are Yeast cells a special example of a eukaryote?
as it also contains plasmids (circular DNA) as well as linear chromosomes and mitochondrial DNA.
