Unit 1 lesson 1

Question 1

Analog Data

Answer 1

Data represented in a continuous and variable from

Question 2

American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)

Answer 2

A standard coding sysytem for teest characters that uses numeric values to represent letters, numbers, & symbols

Question 3

Bandwidth

Answer 3

The maximum rate of data transfer across a network or communication channel, usually measured in bits per second

Question 4

Boolean Expression

Answer 4

A logical statement that can only be true or false and uses operators like AND, OR, and NOT

Question 5

Character

Answer 5

A single letter, digit, or symbol used in writing text

Question 6

Character Set

Answer 6

A collection of characters that a computer can recognize and process, like ASCII OR Unicode compression ratio: the ratio of the original size to the compressed data size, indicating how much the data has been reduced

Question 7

Control Structure

Answer 7

Constructs in programming that control the flow of execution, such as loops and conditional statements

Question 8

Data

Answer 8

Raw facts and figures that can be processed to produce meaningful information

Question 9

Data Compression

Answer 9

The process of reducing the size of data to save space or transmission time

Question 10

Data Types

Answer 10

Categories of data that define what kind of value can be stored, like integers, floats, and strings, and how it can be used

Question 11

Declaration

Answer 11

A statment in programming that specifies the name and type of a variable or function without assigning a value

Question 12

Digital Data

Answer 12

Data represented using descrete binary values (zeros & ones)

Question 13

Floating Numbers

Answer 13

A way to represent real numbers that can have fractional parts using a format that includes a base and an exponent (decimals)

Question 14

Huffman encoding

Answer 14

A compression technique that uses variable-length codes for data representation based on frequency of occurrence

Question 15

Information

Answer 15

Data that has been processed or organized on a meaningful way to be useful

Question 16

Integer

Answer 16

A whole number

Question 17

Keyword encoding

Answer 17

A method of data compression that replaces frequently occurring patterns with shorter codes

Question 18

Lossless

Answer 18

A type of data compression where no information is lost and the original data can be perfectly recontructed

Question 19

Lossy

Answer 19

A type of data compression that reduces the file size by permanently eliminating some information, which may affect quality

Question 20

Numeric

Answer 20

Any value that is a number

Question 21

Overflow

Answer 21

A condition in which a calculation exceeds the maximum value that can be represented within a given number of bits

Question 22

Pulce code modulation (PCM)

Answer 22

A method used to digitally represent analog signals

Question 23

Radix Point

Answer 23

The decimal point in a number system that indicates the separtion between integer and frational parts

Question 24

Real

Answer 24

A data type representing numbers that can have fractional parts, often called floating point numbers

Question 25

Reclocking

Answer 25

The process of refreshing the timing signals in digital data to ensure accuracy and synchronization

Question 26

Run-legnth encoding

Answer 26

A simple compression technique that replaces sequences of repeated characters with a single character and count

Question 27

Scientific Notation

Answer 27

A method of representing very large or very small numbers by using powers of 10

Question 28

Signed magnitude representation

Answer 28

A way of encoding positive and negative numbers where one bit represents the sign and the remaining bits represent the magnitude

Question 29

String

Answer 29

A sequence of characters treated as a single data element and used for text manipulation

Question 30

Strong Typing

Answer 30

A feature in programming languages where each variable is explicitly declared to be a specific type, reducing errors

Question 31

Ten’s Complement

Answer 31

A mathmatical method for representing negative numbers in a decimal system

Question 32

Unicode

Answer 32

A universal character set that includes characters from virtually all writing systems, allowing for consistent encoding and representation of text globally