Unit 1 - LO1 Understand Computer Hardware Flashcards

1.2 Computer Components

1
Q

Computer storage

A

How data and instructions are stored in a computer.

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2
Q

Memory

A

Computer primary storage.

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3
Q

RAM (Random access memory)

A

Holds data and instructions the computer needs for any programs to open.
. Fast
. Volatile
. Stores the operating system, applications,application and GUI

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4
Q

ROM

A

Contains permanent instructions such as the BIOS which checks that all expected devices are in place.
. Cannot be changed by a program or a user
. Not volatile
. Stores the start-up instructions for the computer

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5
Q

Cache

A

Stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster.
. Speeds up access to data and instructions stored in the RAM
. Holds frequently requested data and instructions, so they are available to the CPU when requested

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6
Q

Storage

A

Computer secondary storage.

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7
Q

Hard drives

A

. Electro-mechanical device
. Uses rotating disks
. Magnetic storage
. Slower access speeds than SSD
. Can be internal or external

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8
Q

SSD/ Solid state drive

A

. No moving parts
. Electronic storage
. Faster access speeds than hard drives
. Can be internal or external
. External SSDs are very portable
. Limited read/write cycles as cells decay

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9
Q

Cloud

A

. Can manage system with minimal resources
. Accessible to multiple users
. Can scale up or down depending on storage needs
. The more data stored, the greater the efficiency
. Reduces costs

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10
Q

SAS

A

. Faster and more reliable the SATA drives
. SAS drives tend to be used where hih speed and availability are critical
. SAS has a lower capacity than SATA
. Power and data available through the same cable

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11
Q

SATA

A

. Tends to be used for desktops, data storage and backups
. Data and power cables are separate

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12
Q

SCSI

A

. Uses a single cable
. Has its own unique controller
. Can work with different computer types
. Fast
. More expensive
. Hard to configure as each device has its own unique identification

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13
Q

Ports

A

A port identifies the locations where a communication channel enters or leaves the computer system.

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14
Q

USB

A

.USB compliant devices receive power from the port
. Used to connect a wide variety of external devices
. Host- based, devices must be connected to a computer to communicate

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15
Q

Firewire

A

. Used for devices working with high levels of data
. More expensive than USB
. Peer-peer, devices connect to each other without needing to go through a computer
. Firewire devices can be powered on or off

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16
Q

SATA

A

. Allows devices and drives to link with a computer
. This port is linked to another port on the motherboard

17
Q

Network

A

. Used to connect wired network hardware

18
Q

Fibre channel

A

. Suited for connecting computer services to shared storage devices
. Faster than SCSI
. Can work using coaxial cable and telephone twisted pair