Unit 1: Must Know Vocab (ALL)

Question 1

Crops grown to be sold for a profit

Answer 1

Cash crop

Question 2

Food crops

Answer 2

Cereal crop

Question 3

The growing of stuff on plantations

Answer 3

Plantation Agriculture

Question 4

The government controls trade in order to maintain a “favorable balance of trade”. Goal is to keep more silver and gold coming in than going out.

Answer 4

Mercantilism

Question 5

When Britain tried to force colonies to only trade with Britain

Answer 5

Navigation acts

Question 6

The war between britain and france that ended with britain winning at the cost of massive debts.

Answer 6

French and Indian war

Question 7

Unofficial policy of relaxed royal control over colonial trade and only weak enforcement of Naviation Laws. (1688-1763)

Answer 7

Salutary Neglect

Question 8

Britain said that Americans couldn’t cross over the Appalachian mountains

Answer 8

Proclamation of 1763

Question 9

Required colonists to provide food and quarters for British troops. Colonists resented this act, believing that it infringed on their natural rights.

Answer 9

Quartering Act of 1765

Question 10

Act that gave monopoly to British east india company for tea

Answer 10

Tea Act, 1773 (British East India Company)

Question 11

Taxes on paper goods such as cards

Answer 11

Stamp Act of 1765

Question 12

When americans threw tea into the sea as a form of protest against the tea act

Answer 12

Boston Tea Party, 1773

Question 13

convention of delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies that convened in Philidelphia to craft a response to the Intolerable acts. Delegates established the association which called for a complete boycott of British goods.

Answer 13

First continental congress 1774

Question 14

Representative body of delegates from all thirteen colonies. Drafted the declaration of independence and managed the colonial war effort

Answer 14

Second continental congress 1775 - 1781

Question 15

Thomas Paine’s pamphlet urging the colonies to declare independence and establish a republican government. The widely read pamphlet helped convince colonists to support the Revolution

Answer 15

Common Sense

Question 16

formal pronouncement of independence drafted by Thomas Jefferson and approved by the Congress. The declaration allowed Americans to appeal for foreign aid and served as an inspiration for later revolutionary movements world wide.

Answer 16

Declaration of Independence

Question 17

Fundamental rights that every person is born with, including life, liberty, and property

Answer 17

Natural Rights

Question 18

The idea that people give up some of their rights to be governed. However, if the government doesn’t do its job, the people have the right to remove it.

Answer 18

Social contract

Question 19

Legislative, judicial, executive branches

Answer 19

3 Branches of government

Question 20

States set a due date in the future where al enslaved people would be free. (or a thing were slaves born after a certain date would be free)

Answer 20

Gradual emancipation

Question 21

All slaves freed immediately, and slavery abolished outright.

Answer 21

Abolition

Question 22

Release from slavery

Answer 22

Manumission

Question 23

1 house system.

Answer 23

Unicameral

Question 24

Two house system.

Answer 24

Bicameral

Question 25

original governing document

Answer 25

Articles of Confederation

Question 26

An armed uprising of western Massachusetts debtors seeking lower taxes and an end to property foreclosures in 1786. Though quickly put down, the insurrection inspired fears of "mob rule" among leading Revolutionaries.

Answer 26

Shays' Rebellion

Question 27

The time of great instability between the end of the revolutionary war and the inauguration of George Washington.

Answer 27

Critical period

Question 28

Name for the measure that reconciled the New jersy and Viginia Plans at the constitutional convention, giving states proportional representation in the house, and equal representation in the senate. The compromise broke the stalemate at the convention and paved the way for subsequent compromises over slavery and the Electoral college

Answer 28

Great Compromise

Question 29

The meeting of 1787 to rewrite the articles of confederation. (was supposed to amend it but they ended up removing it entirely)

Answer 29

Constitutional Convention

Question 30

Lower house + upper house of representatives.

Answer 30

Electoral College

Question 31

3 out of 5 slaves would be counted as people for representation and taxation purposes.

Answer 31

3/5ths compromise

Question 32

Slave trade couldn't be banned before 1808

Answer 32

Slave trade clause

Question 33

Proponents of the 1787 Constitution, they favored a strong national government, arguing that the checks and balances in the new Constitution would safe-guard people's liberties.

Answer 33

Federalists

Question 34

Opponents of the 1787 constitution, they cast the document as antidemocratic, objected to the subordination of the states to the central goverment and feared encoachment of individuals' liberties in the absence of a bill of right.

Answer 34

Anti Federalists

Question 35

A type of government style where the government has more power.

Answer 35

Federalism

Question 36

Where each branch holds the others accountable so no one branch is the most powerful.

Answer 36

checks and balances

Question 37

3 branches of government

Answer 37

Separation of Powers

Question 38

When the minority is in power

Answer 38

Tyranny of the minority

Question 39

when the majority overrules and opressses the rest.

Answer 39

Tyranny of the Majority

Question 40

Allows congress to employ means to help it do its duty

Answer 40

Necessary and Proper Clause

Question 41

Philosophy that government has limited power.

Answer 41

Limited Government

Question 42

Political theory of representative government based on the principle of popular sovereignty, with a strong emphasis on liberty and civic virtue.

Answer 42

Republicanism

Question 43

Popular term for the first 10 amendments to the US constitution. The amendments secure key rights for individuals and reserved to the states all powers not explicitly delegated or prohibited by the constitution.

Answer 43

Bill of Rights

Question 44

Religious and political freedom amendment.

Answer 44

1st Amendment

Question 45

Right to bear arms amendment

Answer 45

2nd Amendment

Question 46

Powers not delegated to the federal government are reserved to the states and the people amendment

Answer 46

10th Amendment

Question 47

Powers given to the congress explicitly.

Answer 47

Enumerated Powers

Question 48

Powers not given to the government but to the states.

Answer 48

Reserved powers

Question 49

Two parties - Federalists and democratic-republicans system

Answer 49

First party System

Answer 50

Democratic Republicans

Answer 51

Whiskey Rebellion 1794

Answer 52

Nullification

Answer 53

Limited Government

Answer 54

National Bank

Question 55

A tax on foreign imports or exports

Answer 55

Tariff

Answer 56

Jay's Treaty

Answer 57

Washington's Farewell Address

Answer 58

Alien and Sedition Acts

Question 59

The belief that the constitution should be interpretated narrowly, with the federal government limited to powers explicitly stated

Answer 59

Strict Constructionism

Answer 60

Loose Constructionism

Answer 61

Judicial Review

Question 62

Supreme court case that established the principle of "judicial review" - the idea that the supreme court had the final authority to determine constitutionality

Answer 62

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Question 63

Fought between Britain and the US largely over issues of trade impressment. Though the war ended in a relative draw, it demonstrated America's willingness to defend its interests militarily, earning the young nation newfound respect from European powers.

Answer 63

War of 1812

Question 64

Supreme court case that strengthened federal authority and upheld the constitutionality of the bank of the US by establishing that the state of Maryland did not have the power to tax the bank

Answer 64

McCulloch VS Maryland (1819)

Question 65

Passed by the departing Federalist Congress, it created 16 new federal judgeships (federal judgeship - federal position, office, or function of a judge) ensuring a federalist hold on the judiciary.

Answer 65

Judiciary Act of 1801

Question 66

Acquisition of Louisiana territory from France. Purchase more than doubled the territory of the US, opening vast tracts for settlement.

Answer 66

Louisiana purchase

Answer 67

Implied powers

Answer 68

Franchise

Answer 69

Mass Democracy

Answer 70

Property qualifications

Answer 71

Universal male suffrage

Answer 72

Corrupt bargain of 1824

Answer 73

National Republicans→Whigs

Answer 74

Democrats

Question 75

Whigs VS Democrats - Whigs led by John Quincy Adams, Democrats led by Jackson

Answer 75

Second Party System

Answer 76

Andrew Jackson

Answer 77

Bank War

Answer 78

Spoils System

Answer 79

American System

Question 80

Missouri got added as a slave state whereas Maine got added as a free state.

Answer 80

Missouri Compromise

Answer 81

Mexican Cession

Answer 82

Compromise of 1850

Question 83

Part of the compromise of 1850 which stated that the northern states had to cooperate with returning runaway slaves to owners. Anyone who harbored runaway slaves would be fined/imprisoned.

Answer 83

Fugitive Slave Act

Answer 84

Free Soil Party

Question 85

A black man tries to sue government stating that since he had been in the

Answer 85

Dred Scott v Sanford

Answer 86

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Answer 87

Bleeding Kansas

Answer 88

Popular sovereignty

Answer 89

republican party

Question 90

16th president

Answer 90

Abe lincoln

Answer 91

Confederate States of America

Answer 92

The Union

Answer 93

Border States (upper south)

Answer 94

New York Draft Riots

Answer 95

Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 96

Gettysburg Address

Answer 97

Presidential Reconstruction

Answer 98

Congressional reconstruction

Answer 99

Freedman's Bureau

Answer 100

Reconstructions Acts

Answer 101

13th amendment

Answer 102

14th amendment

Answer 103

15th amendment

Answer 104

Black Codes

Answer 105

Klu Klux Klan

Answer 106

Sharecropping

Answer 107

“Compromise” of 1877 or the Corrupt Bargain of 1877

Answer 108

Jim Crow Segregation

Answer 109

Plessy Vs Ferguson

Answer 110

Separate but Equal

Answer 111

Booker T washington

Answer 112

WEB Dubois

Answer 113

Populism (populist Party)

Answer 114

Gold standard

Answer 115

William Jenning Bryan

Answer 116

Bi Metalism

Answer 117

Omaha Platform

Answer 118

Credit Mobilier

Answer 119

Political Machines

Answer 120

National American Woman Suffrage Association

Answer 121

16 amendment

Answer 122

17th amendment

Answer 123

19th amendment

Answer 124

Clayton Antitrust Act

Answer 125

Sherman Antitrust Act

Answer 126

Pure food and Drug Act

Answer 127

Three Progressive Presidents (Thoedore Roosevelt, William Taft, Woodrow Wilson)

Answer 128

Laissez-Faire