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AP Human > Unit 1: Nature Of Geography > Flashcards

Unit 1: Nature Of Geography Flashcards

(63 cards)

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0
Q

Friction of distance

A

A measure of how much absolute distance affects the interaction between two places.

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1
Q

Cartagram

A

a map on which statistical information is shown in diagrammatic form.

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2
Q

Mercator projection

A

a projection of a map of the world onto a cylinder in such a way that all the parallels of latitude have the same length as the equator, used especially for marine charts and certain climatological maps.

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3
Q

Latitude

A

Horizontal

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4
Q

Longitude

A

Verticle

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5
Q

Absolute distance

A

The distance that can be measured with a standard unit of length, such as a mile or kilometer

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6
Q

Absolute location

A

The exact position of an object or place, measured within the spatial coordinates of a grid system

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7
Q

Accessibility

A

The relative ease with which a destination may be reached from some other place

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8
Q

Azimuthal map

A

A amp projection in which the plane is the most developable surface

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9
Q

Breaking

A

The outer edge of a city’s sphere of influence, used in the law of retail gravitation to describe the area of a city’s hinterlands that depend on that city for its retail supply

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10
Q

Cloropleth

A

A thematic map that uses tones or colors to represent spatial data as average values per unit data

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11
Q

Cognitive

A

An image of a portion of the earth’s surface that an individual creates in his or her mind

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12
Q

Connectivity

A

The degree of economic, social, cultural, or political connection between two places

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13
Q

Contagious diffusion

A

The spread of a disease, innovation, or cultural traits through direct contact with another person or another place

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14
Q

Distance decay effect

A

The decrease in interaction between two phenomena, places, or people as the distance between them increases

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15
Q

Geospacial

A

relating to or denoting data that is associated with a particular location.

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16
Q

Sequent occupant

A

The series of people who occupy a given space

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17
Q

possibilism

A

the theory that the environment sets certian constraints or limitations, but culture is otherwise determined by mans actions

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18
Q

centralized

A

to bring under one control

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19
Q

hieracchical

A

relating to any group in which there are higher and lower positions

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20
Q

Concentration

A

strengthening the concentration (as of a solute in a mixture) by removing extraneous material

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21
Q

Changing attributes of place

A

Built landscape

Sequence occupance

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21
Q

Built landscape

A

The built landscape is represented by those features and patterns reflecting human occupation and use of natural resources

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22
Q

Cultural landscape

A

A geographic area that includes cultural resources and natural resources associated with the interactions between nature and human behavior

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23
Density
The frequency with which something occurs in the space More dots in square spread apart
24
Hearth
The place from which an innovation originates; diffuses from there to other places
25
Node
A focal point or place where there is a central focus of the diminishes in important outward. Used to display information about economic areas.
26
Relocation
The spread of an idea to physical movement of people from one place to the other; migrate for political, economic, environmental issues that bring their culture with them to a new place.
27
Expansion diffusion
The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in the snowballing process
28
Hierarchical diffusion
Spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places of power
29
Contagious diffusion
Rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population; diseases and ideas spread without relocation
30
Stimulus diffusion
Spread of an underlying principle, even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse McDonald serves lamb burger in India
31
Absolute direction
A compass directions such as north or south
32
Relative location
Directions based on people's perception of places Left right up down
33
Dispersion
The pattern of spacing among individuals within geographic population boundaries
34
Concentration
The extent of features spread over space; not same as density. Can have same density but completely different concentration #Clustered dots
35
Clustered/agglomerated
If objects in the area are close together
36
Dispursed/scattered
If objects in an area are relatively far apart
37
Time- space compression
The social and psychological factors of living in a world in which time – space convergence has rapidly reached a high level of intensity *Diffusion depends on the connectedness among places
38
Liner pattern
Straight pattern, Ex. Houses along the street
39
Centralized pattern
Clustered or concentrated at a certain place
40
Random pattern
A pattern with no specific order or logic behind its arrangement
41
Natural landscape
If physical landscape or environment that has not been affected by human activities
42
Possiblism
The theory that a physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives
43
Region
An area of the earth distinguished by distinctive combination of cultural and physical features
44
Functional/Nodal region
Area organized around a note or focal point place where there is a central focus of diminishes it in importance outwards. Used to display information about economic areas.
45
Vernacular/perceptual region
A place that people believe exists as a part of their culture identity from peoples information about sense of place such as mental maps
46
Formal/uniform/homogenous region
An area defined by a common characteristic or set of characteristics throughout its whole area
47
Scale
Relationship between the portion of earth being studied and the earth as a whole
48
Spatial
Of or pertaining to space on or near Earth's surface. Often a synonym for geographical and used as an adjective to describe specific geographic concepts or processes
49
How a hearth emerges
Cultural group must be willing to try something new and be able to allocate resources to nurture the innovation. Group of people must have a technical ability to achieve the desired idea and economic structures, to facilitate implementation of the innovation
50
Cylindrical map
Strength: shows direction accurately Weaknesses: moves away from polls, does not show shape and size correctly
51
Mollweide map projection
Strengths: entire surface of Earth Weakness: distortion near edges of the map
52
Robinson map projection
Strength: shows correct size/shape of most land Weakness: distortion near edges of map
53
Mercator map projection
Strengths: shows direction accurately weakness: distorts land/size
54
Goode-homosoline/ intterupted map
Strengths: landmasses most accurate Weaknesses: breaks up Ocean and leaves missing parts
55
Jared diamond
Environmental determinism: everyone is equal, but environment often provides an advantage (not racist)
56
Ellen Churchhill Semple
Research people and found traditions I had not changed Discovered possiblism
57
Ellsworth Huntington
Environmental determinism: used to gain power, at the height of racism, very racist (in KKK)
58
Perspective
Why you see it From what angle Why you see it that way
59
Perception
What you see
60
Site
Physical feature
61
Situation
Something it's near

AP Human (4 decks)

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