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AP Human Geography > Unit 1 - Reading 2 > Flashcards

Unit 1 - Reading 2 Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

Spatial Approach

A

the phenomena being studied across the surface of the earth

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2
Q

Place

A

specific human and physical characteristics of a location

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3
Q

Location

A

identifies where specific places are on the grid system

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4
Q

Space

A

the area between two or more phenomena of things

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5
Q

Region

A

group of places in the same area that share a characteristic

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6
Q

Site

A

characteristics at the immediate location

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7
Q

Situation

A

location of a place relative to its surroundings

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8
Q

Sense of Place

A

the way different people have different perspectives of a place

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9
Q

Toponyms

A

insights to locations (history, culture, etc.)

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10
Q

Time-Space Compression

A

shrinking of distance between locations from transportation

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11
Q

Spatial Interaction

A

contact, movement, and flow of things between locations

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12
Q

Flow

A

patterns and movement of ideas, people, products, etc.

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13
Q

Friction of Distance

A

when things are farther apart, they tend to be less connected

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14
Q

Distance Decay

A

inverse relation between distance and connection

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15
Q

Spatial Assosiaction

A

indicates that two or more things may be related/associated with each other

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16
Q

Human-Environmental Interaction

A

relationship between humans and the natural world

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17
Q

Natural Recource

A

items that occur in the natural environment (air, water, oil, fish, etc.)

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18
Q

Renewable Natural Recources

A

unlimited until proven otherwise by people

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19
Q

Non-Renewable Recources

A

rare materials that are more difficult to find and produce

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20
Q

Sustainability

A

using recourses in was to make them still available in the future

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21
Q

Land Use

A

how land is utilized, modified, and organized by people

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22
Q

Build Environment

A

physical things humans have build that form parts of landscape

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23
Q

Cultural Landscape

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A

anything build by humans in the realm of land use

24
Q

Cultural Ecology

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A

the study of how humans adapt to their environment

25
Environmental Determinism
believing the earth itself is changing people, not culture
26
Environmental Possiblism
believing culture is changing people, no the earth itself
27
False Conclusion
inaccurate generalizations not supported by data
28
Formal Regions
united by traits (political, physical, cultural, and ecenomical)
29
Functional Regions
united by networks (communication, transportation, and interaction)
30
Perceptible Regions
informal sense of place that people ascribe
31
Subregions
regions divided into smaller areas, and is distinctive
32
Analyzing the Stimulus
A graphic stimulus, such as a map, chart, graph, or photograph
33
Four-Level Analysis Spatial Framework
Comprehension, Identification, Explanation, Prediction
34
Data Driven Models (formulas and graphs)
Mathematical formulas to help understand how the world works, often function like models
35
Reference Map
designed for people to refer to for general information about places
36
Political Maps
show and label human-created boundaries and designations (countries, states, cities, and capitals)
37
Physical Maps
show and label natural features (mountains, rivers, and deserts)`
38
Road Maps
show and label highways, streets, and alleys
39
Plat Maps
show and label property lines and details of land ownership
40
Mercator Projection
Purpose: Navigation Strengths: Direction, lines of latitude and longitude Distortion: Distance between lines of latitude and longitude appears constant, land masses near the poles appear large
41
Peters Projection
Purpose: Spatial Distributions related to area Strengths: Sizes of land masses are accurate Distortion: Shapes are inaccurate, especially near poles
42
Conic Projection
Purpose: General use in midlatitude countries Strengths: Lines of longitude converge, lines of latitude curved, size, and shape Distortion: Direction isn't constant, longitude lines coverage at only one pole on world maps
43
Robinson Projection
Purpose: General Use Strengths: No major distortion, oval shape appears more like a globe than a rectangle Distortion: Area, shape, size, and direction are all slightly distorted
44
Spatial Data
all of the information that can be tied to specific locations
45
Remote Sensing
gathers information from satellites that orbit the earth or other craft that are above the atmosphere
46
Aerial Photography
professional images captured from planes within the atmosphere, creating observation data
47
Fieldwork
observing and recording information on location, or in the field
48
Landscape Analysis
defining and describing landscapes
49
Field Observation
the act of physically visiting a location, place, or region and recording firsthand information there
50
Geo-visualizations
allows people to zoom in or out to see the data in ways that were previously impossible
51
Global Positioning System (GPS)
- locates borders precisely - navigating ships, aircraft, and cars - mapping lines or points
52
Remote Sensing
- determining land cover and use - monitoring environmental changes - assessing spread of spatial phenomena - monitoring the weather
53
Geographical Information System (GIS)
- analyzing crime data - monitoring the effects of pollution - analyzing transportation/travel time - planning urban area
54
Smartphone and Computer Applications
- suggesting restaurants, stores, or best routes to users - contact tracing related to tracking diseased or exposer to chemicals - mapping of photos from geotags
55
Community-Based Solution
increase the likelihood of success because they create buy-in from local residents and are more likely to be culturally accepted
56
Aggregation
organized data into different scales such as census tract, city, county, or country

AP Human Geography (3 decks)

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