Unit 1 - Research In Psychology

Question 1

Quantitative Research Methods

Answer 1

Objective measurements & statistical analysis of data

Question 2

Types of Experiments

Answer 2

Experimental
Correlational

Question 3

Correlational Experiments

Answer 3

Interviews
Surveys
Case Studies
Focus Groups
Observational Studies

Question 4

Experimental

Answer 4

True Experiment
Field Experiment
Lab Experiment
Quasi/Natural

Question 5

Interviews

Answer 5

Face-to-face
Usually single individuals
Time-taking
Structured, Unstructured or Semistructured

Question 6

Surveys

Answer 6

Larger group,
More goals
Response & social Desirability bias
No cause-effect relationship
Time-effectuve

Question 7

Case Studies

Answer 7

Greater, more detailed descriptions of individual or group
Small sample
Researcher bias
Low generizability

Question 8

Observational Studies

Answer 8

Natural Environment
Participants and non-participants
External Variables may affect

Question 9

Laboratory Experiments

Answer 9

Controlled Variables
Numerical Data

Question 10

Field Experiments

Answer 10

Natural Environment
Low ecological validity
Cant be generalized
Cant be replicated

Question 11

Quasi/Natural Experiments

Answer 11

Independent variable naturally
Easy to replicate
Low ecological validity
No cause-effect relationship

Question 12

Demand Characteristics

Answer 12

Expectancy Effect
Screw you Effect
Social desirability Effect
Researcher bias
Participant Validity
Artificiality

Question 13

Why do demand characteristics occur?

Answer 13

Participants find out the aim of the study and may influence

Question 14

Expectancy effect

Answer 14

Discern experiment’s hypothesis w/ goal of helping

Question 15

Screw you effect

Answer 15

Discern experimentors hypothesis to destroy credibility

Question 16

Social desirability

Answer 16

Participants responds in a certain way trying to look good w/ experimentor

Question 17

Researcher Bias

Answer 17

Researchers expectations may affect results consciously or unconsciously

Question 18

Participant Validity

Answer 18

Extent to which participants share a common set of traits that can bias outocme

Question 19

Artificiality

Answer 19

When situation created is unlikely to happen in real life, Low to non validity

Question 20

Qualitative Research Methods

Answer 20

Descriptive data is used to gain an understanding of underlying reasons

Question 21

Credibility/Trustworthiness

Answer 21

Triangulation
Establishing Rapport
Iterative Questioning
Reflexivity
Credibility checks
Thick descriptions

Question 22

Traingulation

Answer 22

Different approaches to collect data:
- Method Triangulation
- Data Triangulation
- Researcher Triangulation
-

Question 22

Triangulation

Answer 22

Different approaches to collect data:
- Method Triangulation
- Data Triangulation
- Researcher Triangulation
- Theory Triangulation

Question 23

Bias in Qualitative Research

Answer 23

Participant Bias
Researcher Bias

Question 24

Participant Bias

Answer 24

Acquiescence Social Desirability Dominant Respondent Sensitive

Question 25

Researcher Bias

Answer 25

Confirmation Leading Question/ Question order Sampling Bias Reporting

Question 26

Generalization

Answer 26

Broad inference from particular observations

Question 27

Sample Types

Answer 27

Quota Purposive Snowball Convenience

Question 28

Ethics

Answer 28

Integral part of psychological researche

Question 29

Ethical Considerations

Answer 29

Informed Consent Protection from harm Anonymity & Confidentiality Withdrawal from Participatio Deception Debriefing