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Bio 005 Sierra college > Unit 1 Test > Flashcards

Unit 1 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Microscopic Anatomy

A

Chemical level Cellular level - cytology Tissue level - histology

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2
Q

Gross Anatomy

A

Organs Organ systems Organisms

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3
Q

Negative feedback loop

A

Body’s response removes the stimulus

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4
Q

Positive feedback loop

A

Body’s response strengthens the stimulus

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5
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Pleural cavities Mediastinum Pericardial cavity

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6
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity

A

Peritoneal Cavity - internal chamber lines by serous membrane/peritoneum Abdominal cavity Pelvic cavity

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7
Q

Dorsal cavity contains

A

Cranial cavity Vertebral cavity

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8
Q

Ventral cavity contains

A

Thoracic cavity Abdominopelvic cavity

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9
Q

Where is the spleen?

A

Left hypochondriac

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10
Q

Where is the rectum?

A

Hypogastric

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11
Q

Where is the sigmoid colon?

A

Left iliac

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12
Q

Where is the appendix?

A

Right iliac

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13
Q

Where is the jejunum?

A

Left lumbar

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14
Q

Where is the ascending Colon?

A

Right lumbar

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15
Q

Where is the transverse colon?

A

Umbilical

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16
Q

Where is the pancreas?

A

Umbilical

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17
Q

Where is the gallbladder?

A

Epigastric

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18
Q

Where is the liver?

A

Right hypochondriac Epigastric

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19
Q

Where is the cecum?

A

Right iliac

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20
Q
A

simple squamous epithelial tissue

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21
Q
A

simple cuboidal epithelial tissue

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22
Q
A

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelial tissue

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23
Q
A

Non-Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelial Tissue

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24
Q
A

Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelial Tissue

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25
stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue
26
stratified columnar epithelial tissue
27
non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue
28
keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue
29
transitional epithelial tissue
30
Epithelial tissue in blood vessels
Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue
31
Epithelial tissue in Alveoli
Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue
32
Epithelial tissue in Kidney Tubules
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
33
Epithelial tissue in Digestive Tract
Simple Columnar Epithelium
34
Epithelium in Upper Airway
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
35
Epithelial tissue in Skin
Stratified Squamous Epithelium (Keratinized)
36
Epithelial Tissue in Urinary Bladder
Transitional Epithelium
37
Epithelial tissue in the Mouth
Stratified Squamous Epithelium (Non-keratinized)
38
Nucleus Functions
Command Center Makes RNA (copies of DNA)
39
Ribosome Function
Reads RNA Makes proteins
40
Golgi Apparatus
Tells proteins made by ribosomes "where to go"
41
Lysosome Function
Breaks down proteins into raw materials
42
Vesicle Function in the Cell
Storage
43
Peroxisome Function
Removes Toxins
44
Smooth ER Function
Makes Lipids
45
Mitochondria Function
Makes ATP
46
Centriole Function
Makes Microtubules
47
3 Types of Cytoskeleton
Microtubules Microfilaments Intermediate Filaments
48
Microtubules
are the "roads" of the cell
49
Microfilaments
give the plasma membrane shape
50
Intermediate Filaments
anchored at a certain point on plasma membrane
51
Microvilli
increase surface area of membrane
52
Cilia
made of microtubules move substances across cell
53
Glycocalyx
carbohydrate identifies the cell, like its "flag"
54
Cholesterol
Keeps the plasma membrane fluid
55
Phospholipid bilayer
Hydrophilic heads Hydrophobic tails Polar Molecules Rejected Non Polar Molecules Pass Through
56
Simple Diffiusion
Non-Polar Molecules Moves Directly Across Membrane
57
Facilitated Diffusion
Non-Polar Molecule passes through Integral Protein Channel from a High to Low Concentration
58
Osmosis
Water moves across membrane from high concentration to low concentration
59
Carrier Mediated Active Transport
Carrier protein uses ATP to move molecule against concentration gradient
60
Vesicular Transport
Cell engulfs or expels material through Endocytosis - phagocytosis (solid), pinocytosis (liquid) Exocytosis -
61
Membrane Junctions
Tight Junction - creates seal Desmosome - link prevents cell from ripping apart Gap Junctions - allows molecules to pass through. Quick communication
62
Epithelium Characteristics
Apical vs Basal Surfaces Supported by basement membrane Avascular Regenerative
63
**Simple Squamous** - shape, function, location
Shape: Flat Function: material passes through cell Location: lungs, kidneys, **blood vessels**
64
**Simple Cuboidal -** shape, function, location
Shape: cube Function: tubes make & secrete substances Location: kidneys & glands
65
**Ciliated Simple Columnar** - shape, function, location
Shape: columnar w/cilia :) Func: move egg from ovary to uterus Location: Fallopian tubes
66
**Non-ciliated Simple Columnar** - shape, function, location
Shape: microvilli make "brush border" on apical side Function: **nutrient absorption** Location: **digestive system**
67
**Pseudostratified Columnar -** shape, function, location
Shape: cilia on apical side Function: move mucus Location: **Respiratory tract**
68
**Stratified Columnar & Stratified Cuboidal** - shape, function, location
Shape: layered, cube or column Func: make longer, thicker tubes Location: **Glands**
69
**Stratified Squamous (Keratinized)** - shape, function, location
Shape: **Flat. Stacked.** Apical cells **don't** have nuclei Function: waterproof & tough Location: Skin
70
**Non-keratinized Stratified Squamous -** shape, function, location
Shape: Flat. Layered. Apical cells DO have nuclei Function: **Protection. Smooth Surface.** Location: Inside Mouth
71
**Transitional Epithelium** - shape, function, location
Shape: no order Function: ability to stretch Location: Urinary Bladder
72
**Endocrine Gland**
Releases substance/hormone into the blood vessel
73
**Exocrine Gland**
Releases substance into the outside environment Ex: sweat, oil, saliva
74
**Goblet Cell**
Exocrine Gland Unicellular W/In Columnar Epithelium Makes Mucus
75
**Acinus**
Secretory Unit Connects to duct
76
3 Types of Secretory Units
Merocrine - exocytosis Holocrine - cell detaches & explodes Apocrine - PART of cell tears & explodes
77
Two Types of Connective Tissue Proper
**Loose** - areolar, adipose, reticular tissue OR **Dense** - dense regular, dense irregular, elastic
78
Two Types of Fluid Connective Tissue
Blood & Lymph
79
Two Types of Supporting Connective Tissue
Bone & Cartilage
80
Ground Substance
Outside cell Like the "base" of CT 3 Fibers - collagen, elastic, reticular
81
**Areolar** - cell type, connective fiber type, func, location
Cell Type: **Fibroblasts, Macrophages, Masts** Connective Fiber: **Collagen, Elastic, Reticular** Function: **All Purpose** Location: **Everywhere**
82
**Adipose** - cell type, connective fibers, function, location
Cell Type: **Adipocytes** Connective Fibers: **Collagen, Elastic, Reticular (**sparse) Function: **Protection, Insulation, Alt. Ingredient for ATP** Location: **Everywhere**
83
**Reticular** - cell type, connective fibers, function, location
Cell Type: **Reticular** Connective Fibers: **Reticular** Function: **Porous & Provides Shape** Location: **Lymphatic System/Lymph Nodes**
84
**Dense Regular Connective Tissue** - cell type, connective fibers, function, location
Cell Type: **Fibroblasts** Connective Fibers: **Collagen** (parallel) Function: **Strength in one direction** Location: **Tendons & Ligaments**
85
**Dense Irregular Connective Tissue** - cell type, connective fibers, function, location
Cell Type: **Fibroblasts** Connective Fibers: **Collagen** (random order) Function: **Multidirectional Strength & Support** Location: **Skin & Surrounding Internal Organs**
86
**Dense Elastic Connective Tissue** - cell type, connective fibers, function, location
Cell Type: **Fibroblasts** Connective Fibers: **Collagen & Elastic** Function: **Shock Absorber** Location: **Between Vertebrae**
87
**Elastic Cartilage -** Cell Types, Connective Fibers, Function, Location
Cell Type: **Chondrocytes** Connective Fibers: **Collagen & Elastic** Function: **Solid & Bendable** Location: **Outer Ear/Nose**
88
**Areolar Tissue**
89
**Adipose Tissue**
90
**Reticular Tissue**
91
**Dense Regular Connective Tissue**
92
**Dense Irregular Connective Tissue**
93
**Dense Elastic Connective Tissue**
94
**Hyaline Cartilage**
95
**Elastic Cartilage**
96
**Fibrocartilage**
97
Bone
98
Blood
99
**Hyaline Cartilage** - cell type, connective fibers, function, location
Cell Type: **Chondrocyte** Conective Fibers: Collagen - **No Prominent Fibers Visible** Function - **Smooth Surface** Location - **Between Bones**
100
**Elastic Cartilage -** cell type, connective fibers, function, location
Cell Type: **Chondrocytes** Connective Fibers: **Collagen & Elastic** Function: **Solid/bendable structures** Location: **Outer Ear/Nose**
101
**Fibrocartilage -** cell type, connective fibers, function, location
Cell Type: **Chondrocyte** Connective Fibers: ***_Visible_* Collagen** Function: **Resists Compression** Location: **Between vertebra**
102
**Bone -** cell type, connective fibers, function, location
Cells: **Osteocytes** Connective Fibers: **Collagen & Calcium (in ECM)** Function: **Support for Muscles/Framework of Body** Location: **Everywhere**
103
104
**Blood** - cell types, coneective fiber, function, location
Cells: **Formed elements. RBC & WBC** Conective Fibers: **Plasma/Water** Function: **Transport** Location: **Everywhere**
105
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Bio 005 Sierra college (15 decks)

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