Unit 1 Test Flashcards
1
Q
Ana-
A
apart
2
Q
Ante-
A
before, preceding
3
Q
Append-
A
hang to
4
Q
Cardi-
A
heart
5
Q
Cran-/cephal-
A
head
6
Q
Dis-
A
from/apart
7
Q
Dors-
A
back
8
Q
Homeo-/Homo-
A
same
9
Q
Inter-
A
between
10
Q
Intra-
A
within, inside
11
Q
-logy
A
study of
12
Q
Peri-
A
around
13
Q
Para-
A
beside near
14
Q
Pelv-
A
basin
15
Q
Physio-
A
nature
16
Q
Pleur-
A
side, rib, lateral
17
Q
Post-
A
after, behind
18
Q
-stasis
A
static, still
19
Q
-tomy
A
incision into
20
Q
Amyl-
A
starch
21
Q
Bi-
A
2
22
Q
De-
A
destroy
23
Q
Glyc-
A
sugar
24
Q
Hex-
A
6
25
Lipo-
fat
26
Mono-
single
27
Pent-
5
28
Poly-
many
29
-saccharide
sugar/sweet
30
Tri-
3
31
-valent
equivalent power
32
Enzyme
a catalyst, not used up in chemical reaction
33
Differentiation
the process by which unspecialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions
34
Homeostasis
body maintaining steady internal conditions
35
What is a vital sign?
(should be obvious) blood pressure, body temperature, pulse
36
Anatomy
What it is
37
Physiology
How it works
38
What organs would you find in the Cranial cavity?
Brain
39
What organs would you find in the Spinal Cavity?
Spinal Cord
40
What organs would you find in the Thoracic Cavity?
Lungs, Heart, etc.
41
What organs would you find in the Abdominal Cavity?
Stomach, Liver, etc.
42
What organs would you find in the Pelvic Cavity?
Bladder, etc
43
What separates the Abdominal cavity from the Thoracic Cavity?
the Diaphragm
44
Superior/Cranial
towards head
45
Inferior/Caudel
away from head
46
Anterior
towards front
47
Posterior
towards back
48
Lateral
away from middle
49
Medial
towards middle
50
Proximal
closer to attachment
51
Distal
further from attachment
52
external covering, prevents water loss, receptors, protection
Integumentary System
53
structure, allows movement, mineral storage
Skeletal System
54
movement, posture, heat
Muscular System
55
high speed communication, brain, spinal cord, neurons
Nervous System
56
transportation of nutrients/waste
Circulatory System
57
slow communication, hormones (move through blood), metabolism
Endocrine System
58
immunity, drains excess fluid
Lymphatic System
59
break down nutrients
Digestive System
60
exchange gases between blood and air
Respiratory System
61
remove waste from blood
Urinary System
62
produces life
Reproductive System
63
What are the Characteristics of Life?
responds to environment
different levels of organization
made up of cells
reproduce
obtains & uses energy
grows and develops
64
What is needed to maintain life?
Food/nutrients
Oxygen
Water
Heat
Pressure
65
What are the "Levels of Organization?"
atoms > molecules > cells > tissue > organs > organ system > organism
66
What are the "Four Organic Compounds?"
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids
67
What is the difference between organic and inorganic?
organic contains both carbon and hydrogen in chains, inorganic does not
68
What is the function of Carbohydrates?
Energy.
Sugar- quick energy
Starch- long term energy
69
What are the building blocks of Carbohydrates?
Made up of C, H, O
Monosaccharides- carb made of one type of sugar a.e. Glucose
Disaccharides- two monosaccharides bonded together a.e. Sucrose, Lactose
Polysaccharides- complex carbohydrate "fiber" a.e. cellulose, starch, glycogen
70
What is the function of Lipids?
long term energy storage, phospholipids, insoluble in water
71
What is the building block of Lipids?
Triglyceride (made of three fatty acids and one molecule glycerol)
72
What is the function of Proteins?
structure of organisms
hormones
enzymes
last ditch energy source
73
What are the building blocks of Proteins?
20 different amino acids; chains of amino acids held together by polypeptide bonds (polypeptide chains)
Dipeptide- 2 amino acids joined by a peptide bond
Tripeptide- dipeptide + amino acid
Polypeptide- long chain of amino acids
74
What are the functions of Nucleic Acids?
DNA + RNA
75
What are the building blocks of Nucleic Acids?
5-Carbon Sugar, Phosphate groups, N-Bases
Nucleotides
76
positive charge, found in nucleus, 1 amu
Proton
77
neutral charge, found in nucleus, 1 amu
Neutron
78
negative charge, electron cloud, 0 amu
Electron
79
share electrons, (nonmetals)
Covalent Bonds
80
transfers electron, electrically neutral, (metals and nonmetals)
Ionic Bonds
81
release H+, H3O+
Acids
82
release OH-
Bases
83
high H+ low OH-
Acidic Solution
84
low H+ high OH-
Basic Solution
85
H+ = OH-
Neutral Solution
86
number below 7
more acidic
87
number above 7
more basic
