Unit 1 Test Flashcards
(50 cards)
a long-lasting pattern of organization in a community
institution
a member of a group that has no permanent home, wandering from place to place in search of food and water
nomad
a period in human history, beginning around 3000 B.C. in some areas, during which people began using bronze, rather then copper or stone, to fashion tools and weapons
Bronze Age
a farming method in which people clear fields by cutting and burning trees and grasses, the ashes of which serve to fertilize soil
slash-and-burn farming
a member of a nomadic group whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods
hunter-gatherer
the development of skills in a particular kind of work, such as trading or record keeping
specialization
a human-made object, such as a tool, weapon, or piece of jewelry
artifact
a member of a biological group including human beings and related species that walk upright
hominid
the way in which people apply knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet their needs
technology
a system of writing with wedge-shaped symbols, invented by the Sumerians
cuneiform
a form of culture characterized by cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology
civilization
a skilled worker, such as a weaver or potter, who makes goods by hand
artisan
a prehistoric period that began about 8000 B.C. and in some areas ended as early as 3000 B.C., during which people learned to polish stone tools, make pottery, grow crops, and raise animals - also called the New Stone Age
Neolithic Age
a people’s unique way of life, as shown by its tools, customs, arts, and ideas
culture
one of the professional record keepers in early civilization
scribe
a prehistoric period that lasted from about 2,500,000 to 8000 B.C., during which people made use of crude stone tools and weapons - also called the Old Stone Age
Paleolithic Age
the taming of animals for human use
domestication
a form of trade in which people exchange goods and services without the use of money
barter
a tiered, pyramid-shaped structure that formed part of a Sumerian temple
ziggurat
the biological species to which modern human beings belong
homo sapiens
How did the Cro-Magnon’s new tools make survival easier?
The new tools increased their food supply.
What factors played a role in the origins of agriculture?
The factors were tools, farming, and domestication.
What were the first crops grown in the Americas?
corn, beans, and squash
an arc of rich farmland in Southwest Asia, between the Persian Gulf and Mediterranean Sea
Fertile Crescent
