Unit 1 Test Concept Guide

Question 1

Who wrote “Oration on the Dignity of Man”?

Answer 1

Pico Della Mandosa

Question 2

What did the “Oration” contribute?

Answer 2

embodied public discourse, and represented Renaissance’s contribution to the debate of humanism and theology?

Question 3

Fathers of Scholasticism?

Answer 3

Peter Abelard, Lanfranc of Canterbury and Anselm of Canterbury

Question 4

What is scholasticism based on?

Answer 4

logic and writing of early church fathers

Question 5

What did scholasticism emphasize?

Answer 5

tradition and doctrine

Question 6

when was scholasticism popular

Answer 6

medieval

Question 7

What did Pico Della Mirandola write

Answer 7

Oration on the Dignity of Man

Question 8

When did Pico Della Mirandola influence?

Answer 8

Italian Rennaisance

Question 9

What was the major way Greeks and romans influenced the Renaissance?

Answer 9

Art and humanism

Question 10

What was Erasmus?

Answer 10

Christian, Northern humanist

Question 11

When did Erasmus influence?

Answer 11

Renaissance

Question 12

What did Erasmus believe?

Answer 12

Salvation is based on deeds of love,

Question 13

What was Erasmus’ main occupation

Answer 13

Writer

Question 14

Define humanism

Answer 14

emphasizes the importance of the human rather than the divine, stresses goodness of human beings and promotes rationality

Question 15

Define christian humanism

Answer 15

freedom, conscience, and rational thinking can work together with Christianity

Question 16

Civic humanism

Answer 16

moral, social, and political philosophy

Question 17

Father of humanism?

Answer 17

Francesco Petrarca

Question 18

When did humanism originate?

Answer 18

Renaissance

Question 19

2 major denominations of Christianty

Answer 19

Catholic and Protestant

Question 20

What do Catholics believe?

Answer 20

• original and first christian church

- Pope is the head

Question 21

What do protestants believe?

Answer 21

-catholics stemmed from original church and became corrupt

Question 22

What is the significance of the Gutenberg bible

Answer 22

first major book printed on a mass scale

Question 23

Who is Johannes Gutenberg

Answer 23

Credited with printing press

Question 24

Significance of Vernacular

Answer 24

People could now understand the bible and think for themselves

Question 25

What is seen as the beginning of the protestant reformation

Answer 25

When Charles the VIII broke off from Catholicism and created the church of England because he couldn't get a divorce

Question 26

founder of the Zwingli?

Answer 26

Ulrich Zwingli

Question 27

What did Zwingli believe?

Answer 27

Catholic church needed reform - everything needed biblical justification - radical

Question 28

Where was the Zwingli faith founded?

Answer 28

Zurich

Question 29

Founder of Anabatists

Answer 29

Conrad Grebel

Question 30

Who are the modern day Anabaptists?

Answer 30

Amish, similar to Mennonites

Question 31

What was the main thing Anabaptists believed?

Answer 31

Adult baptism

Question 32

Founder of antitrinitarians

Answer 32

Michael Servetus

Question 33

What was the Peace of Augsburg

Answer 33

settlement with the HRE arising from the reformation that said each prince could decide the religion

Question 34

Who called the Peace of Augsburg to order?

Answer 34

Charles V

Question 35

Founder of Calvinism?

Answer 35

John Calvin

Question 36

Who was John Calvin?

Answer 36

leading French protestant reformer

Question 37

What do Calvinists believe?

Answer 37

predestination

Question 38

Who was Martin Luther?

Answer 38

Catholic turned reformer - monk - founder of Lutheranism

Question 39

Who posted the 95 theses

Answer 39

Martin Luther

Question 40

What did Lutheranism teach

Answer 40

Salvation is reached through faith alone, not deeds.

Question 41

Name Henry VIII's wives (in order)

Answer 41

- Catherine of Aragon - Anne Boleyn - Jane Seymour - Anne of Cleves - Katherine Howard - Catherine Parr

Question 42

Details about Catherine of Aragon

Answer 42

Divorced, the wife that the pope would not grant a divorce from

Question 43

Details about Anne Boleyn

Answer 43

One of CoA's maids - Had a deformed child - Beheaded for "Adultery"

Question 44

Details about Jane Seymour

Answer 44

- Had a son - Said to be Henry's true love - Died due to birth complications

Question 45

Details about Anne of Cleves

Answer 45

Divorced because she was apparently ugly

Question 46

Details about Katherine howard

Answer 46

Beheaded - 17 - Adultery with guard

Question 47

Catherine Parr

Answer 47

Survived

Question 48

Who were some major renaissance artists?

Answer 48

Michelangelo Da Vinci Raphael Donatello

Question 49

How was the portuguese and spanish exploration funded?

Answer 49

Ferdinand and Isabela

Question 50

who was Ignatius Loyola

Answer 50

founder of Jesuits | counter to Calvin and Luther

Question 51

Difference between north and italian humanists

Answer 51

North was focused on education and religion, italy was just focused on education

Question 52

What was the Council of Trent?

Answer 52

Embodied the counter reformation

Question 53

What did Lutherans believe?

Answer 53

justification by faith

Question 54

What did Venice trade?

Answer 54

Silk, spices, sugar

Question 55

What did florence trade?

Answer 55

wool and cothing materials

Question 56

What did Milan trade?

Answer 56

Metal

Question 57

4 social groups of Florence

Answer 57

old rich new rich middle class little people

Question 58

Cosimo De' Medici

Answer 58

Wealthy Florentine Merchant | ruled Florentine from behind the scenes

Question 59

What did the Diet of Worms do?

Answer 59

Decided fate of Martin Luther

Question 60

who was boccaccio

Answer 60

Renaissance humanist | father of vernacular