Unit 1 - The Glands and Hormones of the Endocrine System

Question 1

Endocrine System

Answer 1

It is the glands and the hormones they release.
–> Maintain homeostasis along with Nervous System, but Endocrine System has slower and longer acting effect.

Question 2

Endocrine Gland

Answer 2

Release hormones into blood.

Question 3

Exocrine Gland

Answer 3

Release substances directly to effector via ducts ex. pancreas in an endocrine gland (releasing insulin in blood) and an exocrine gland (releasing pancreatic enzymes into small intestines).

Question 4

Nervous System & Endocrine System

Answer 4

Some NS tissue are also glands ex. hypothalamus and pituitary.
–> Some neurotransmitters are also hormones e. epi and norepi.
–> Both NS and ES can be controlled with negative feedback loops.
–> Some process involve NS and ES working together.

Question 5

Hormones

Answer 5

Chemical messengers.
–> Travel through blood to reach target cells (effectors).

Question 6

Tropic Hormones

Answer 6

Travel to another gland to stimulate release of another hormone.

Question 7

Protein Hormones

Answer 7

Can’t cross cell membrane, bind to receptors on surface of target cells.

Question 8

Steroid Hormones

Answer 8

Can enter target cell, bind to receptors and activate DNA inside nucleus.

Question 9

Negative Feedback Loop

Answer 9

When a certain blood concentration of hormone is reached, or when target cells have responded, the gland releasing the hormone is inhibited (prevents further release).