Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Unit 1: The Nature of Biology and Ecology > Flashcards

Unit 1: The Nature of Biology and Ecology Flashcards

1
Q

Acid Rain

A

Precipitation that is the result of air pollution reacting with water molecules in the atmosphere leading to the destruction of forest and lake ecosystems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Animalia

A

Organisms in this kingdom are multicellular heterotrophs without cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Autotroph

A

An organism that can make its own food; aka producer; one example is plants (by photosynthesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Binomial Nomenclature

A

Two-word naming system for all organisms developed by Linnaeus; gives the scientific name (consisting of genus and species); ex. Homo sapiens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bioaccumulation

A

the increase in concentration of pollutants in the tissues of organisms as you move up trophic levels in an ecosystem; aka biomagnification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Carbon Cycle

A

Incorporation of carbon dioxide into living tissue by photosynthesis and its return to the atmosphere through respiration, the decay of dead organisms, and the burning of fossil fuels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Carrying Capacity

A

Largest number of individuals of a population that an environment can support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Camouflage

A

An adaptation that enables a species to blend in with its environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cell

A

Smallest unit of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Class

A

A group of closely related orders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Classical Conditioning

A

Learning by association; ex. Pavlov’s dog salivating at the sound of a bell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Classification

A

The process of grouping organisms based on their physical similarities and DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Competition

A

the struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Climate Change

A

a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth’s atmosphere generally attributed rising levels of carbon dioxide and pollution; formerly called global warming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Consumer

A

An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms; aka “heterotroph”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Courtship

A

Behavior used to attract a mate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Decomposer

A

organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter; an organism that carries out decomposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Deforestation

A

The destruction of forests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dichotomous Key

A

A series of paired statements used to help identify an organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Eubacteria

A

kingdom that includes bacteria that live everywhere (except in extreme environments)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Domain

A

the largest taxon; there are 3–Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Eutrophication

A

excessive nutrients in a lake or other body of water, frequently due to runoff from the land, which causes a dense growth of plants/algae and a death of animals from a lack of oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Eukaryote

A

a cell that has a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Exponential Growth

A

j-shaped, explosive pattern of population growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

External Fertilization

A

process in which eggs are fertilized outside the female’s body; ex. most fish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Family

A

A group of closely related genera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Fossil Fuels

A

Coal, oil, and natural gas coming from the ancient remains of plants and animals; the burning of these is a major contributor to climate change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fungi

A

kingdom that includes organisms which are heterotrophs that have cell walls made of chitin; molds, yeasts, and mushrooms are examples

19
Q

Genus

A

A Group of closely related species

19
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

normal warming effect caused when the sun’s rays are trapped by gases in the Earth’s atmosphere; without this, the Earth would be a ball of ice

20
Q

Habitat Destruction

A

The loss of natural habitat for species that can lead to extinction

21
Q

Habituation

A

an organism’s decreasing response to a stimulus with repeated exposure to it

22
Q

Heterotroph

A

an organism that must get food from its environment; aka consumer; one example is animals

22
Q

Hibernation

A

A period of inactivity that some animals experience in winter that allows them to survive on stored body fat

23
Q

Imprinting

A

the process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life

24
Q

Limiting Factor

A

an environmental condition that restricts the size of a population; examples include: disease, predation, and natural disasters

24
Q

Kingdom

A

second largest taxonomic group, consisting of closely related phyla

25
Q

Multicellular

A

Made of two or more cells

26
Q

Mutualism

A

symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit; ex. good bacteria in the human gut

27
Q

Internal Fertilization

A

Process in which eggs are fertilized inside the female’s body; ex. humans

27
Q

Invasive/Non-Native Species

A

plants and animals that are deliberately/accidentally introduced into an area whose populations explode because they have no known natural predators and out-compete native species for resources leading to their decline

28
Q

Nitrogen Cycle

A

transfer of nitrogen from the atmosphere to the soil, to living organisms, and back to the atmosphere

29
Q

Nitrogen Fixation

A

process of converting nitrogen in the air, into a form that plants and animals can use (nitrates and nitrites)

30
Q

Order

A

A group of closely related families

31
Q

Non-Native Species

A

a species that is not naturally found in an ecosystem, and that does not hinder the survival of other species there

32
Q

Parasitism

A

form of symbiosis in which one organism, the parasite, benefits and the other organism, the host, is harmed; ex. tick and a dog

33
Q

Organism

A

A living thing

34
Q

Phylum

A

an organ in the uterus of a pregnant mammal, that nourishes the fetus through the umbilical cord

35
Q

Plantae

A

kingdom with organisms that are photosynthetic autotrophs and have cell walls made of cellulose

36
Q

Predator

A

An animal that hunts other animals for food

36
Q

Prey

A

an animal that is hunted and killed by another for food

37
Q

Pheromone

A

a chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior of another animal of the same species

38
Q

Producer

A

an organism that can make its own food; aka “autotroph”

39
Q

Protista

A

the most diverse kingdom; some are plant-like, some are animal-like, and some are fungus-like; examples include: euglena, paramecium, and amoeba

40
Q

Prokaryote

A

a bacterial cell; a cell that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

41
Q

Seed

A

a plant structure that contains an embryo & food source surrounded by a protective coat

42
Q

Species

A

the smallest/most specific taxon; a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

43
Q

Spore

A

a reproductive cell with a hard, protective coating; made by bacteria, fungi, and some plants like ferns

44
Q

Stewardship

A

commitment to the responsible management of natural resources and sustainable actions to help preserve the environment

45
Q

Suckling

A

When a young mammal nurses from its mother

46
Q

Symbiosis

A

A close relationship between two species living together

47
Q

Taxis

A

Movement toward or away from a stimulus

48
Q

Taxonomy

A

branch of biology that involves classifying organisms into groups based upon similar characteristics

49
Q

Territoriality

A

Behaviors that organisms display in order to defend a space; growling, barking, hairs on back standing up; actually reduces conflict between members of a species in an environment

49
Q

Trial and Error Learning

A

behavior in which an animal learns to perform a behavior over and over again until success is achieved; ex. learning to ride a bike

50
Q

Tropism

A

Growth response of a plant to a stimulus

51
Q

Unicellular

A

Made of one cell

52
Q

Waste Lagoon

A

body of water used to dispose of animal wastes on farms; these become problematic when they flood into rivers/drinking water supplies

Biology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions