Unit 1 Vocab Flashcards
(14 cards)
People have ultimate authority/people govern
Popular sovereignity
This principle asserts that the power of the government is derived from the consent of the governed.
Economy based on supply and demand (US)
Capitalist Economy
In a capitalist economy, the production and prices of goods and services are determined by competition in a free market.
Economy controlled by the government
Socialist economy
This system often aims to reduce inequality and provide a basic standard of living for all citizens.
Hybrid economic system between socialism and democracy (Ex Norway, Denmark)
Social democracy
Social democracies typically combine a strong welfare state with a capitalist economy.
Freely giving up some rights in order to get government protection
Social Contract
This concept is foundational to political philosophy and describes the implicit agreement among individuals to form a society.
Believed reason, not faith leads people to consent to be governed
Thomas Hobbes
Hobbes is known for his social contract theory, particularly in his work ‘Leviathan.’
People are born with basic rights and must consent to be governed for authority to be legitimate
John Locke
Locke’s ideas greatly influenced liberal political thought and democratic governance.
Time in the 1600 and 1700s where philosophers and scientists used science and logic to interpret their world
The Enlightenment
This period emphasized reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority.
Allows Congress to ‘stretch its powers’ in an ever-changing world
Elastic Clause
This clause is found in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution and provides flexibility to legislative power.
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution, protects the rights of the individual
Bill of Rights
These amendments guarantee essential rights and civil liberties to individuals.
Group that worked to create a constitution with a strong, central government
Federalists
Federalists advocated for a balance of power between the national and state governments.
Group that would only ratify the Constitution if a Bill of Rights was added
Anti-Federalists
Anti-Federalists were concerned about the potential for government overreach and the protection of individual liberties.
A system in which the government does not interfere with the economy
Laissez-faire
This economic philosophy promotes minimal government intervention in economic affairs.
First Constitution of the US
Articles of Confederation
The Articles established a weak central government and were eventually replaced by the current U.S. Constitution.
