Unit 1.1-1.

Question 1

Natural rights

Answer 1

John Locke’s statement that the right to life, liberty, and property are entitled to all men and cannot be taken away except by consent

Question 2

Limited government

Answer 2

A government kept under control by law, checks and balances, and separation of powers

Question 3

Popular sovereignty

Answer 3

The people are the ultimate ruling authority; majority opinions are most important in this

Question 4

Republicanism

Answer 4

Citizens of sovereign state elect leaders who make and execute the laws for a limited time

Question 5

Social contract

Answer 5

The agreement of free and equal people to abandon natural rights in order to find secure protections for society define freedom in a single body politic committed to the general good

Question 6

Participatory democracy

Answer 6

Broad involvement of citizens in politics; citizens vote directly for laws (not through elected representatives)
Example: ballot measures - initiatives (people can propose a law) & referendum (people approve a law)

Question 7

Elite democracy

Answer 7

Elected representatives act as trustees for the people who elected them
(They tend to come from higher socio-economic levels and high education)

Question 8

Pluralist democracy

Answer 8

People with widely varying interest form groups to influence policy making (aka interest groups)

Question 9

Federalism

Answer 9

The sharing of power between national and state governments

Question 10

Exclusive Powers

Answer 10

Powers that are delegated only to the federal government (I.e. national currency, international in interstate commerce, immigration, military and diplomatic affairs)

Question 11

Concurrent powers

Answer 11

Powers held by authorities in both state and federal levels (i.e. taxation; court systems; define crimes)

Question 12

Mandates

Answer 12

Required federal directive that states must comply with (some with and some without rewards of funds)

Question 13

Revenue sharing or fiscal federalism

Answer 13

National government collect federal tax revenues and distribute the funds to the states to take care of particular national concerns using incentives to prompt or require states to address them

Question 14

Categorical grants

Answer 14

Grants that come with strings or particular congressional guidelines and requirements (most common)

Question 15

Block grant

Answer 15

grants given to states without strings for broadly defined reasons (not common)

Question 16

Enumerated powers

Answer 16

Powers that are detailed and listed in the constitution to be given to the national government (i.e. taxing borrowing money raising on me also system addressing piracy defining immigration and naturalization)
Commerce clause & necessary and proper clause

Question 17

Implied powers

Answer 17

Powers that are not specifically listed in the constitution, but derive from the necessary and proper clause, broadening what the national government, and specifically the Congress, can do