Unit 11 & 12: The Civil War and Reconstruction Flashcards
How did campaigns of the election of 1860 reflect sectional turmoil in the country?
Due to the outcome of this election, Lincoln was able to become president, leading to SC seceding from the union, followed by other southern states, leading to the creation of the Confederate States of America.
Who were the political and military leaders of the Union and Confederacy during the Civil war?
Union- McDowell, McClellan, Grant (Lincoln was president of Union)
Confederate- Robert E. Lee, Albert Johnson (Jefferson Davis was presdient for Confederate)
What were the key battles of the Civil War why was the battle significant?
Battle of Bull Run (Was able to tell that the war wasn’t gonna be easy) Battle of Shiloh (proof that the Anaconda plan was able to work) and Battle of Vicksburg (able to show the total war technique)
What was the significance of the Emancipation Proclamation and the Gettysburg Address?
Emancipation Proclamation was created by Lincoln and claimed to free all slaves in the South. South ignored this. Gettysburg Adress tributed to the Union soldiers and ensured the principles of the US. These 2 were created by Lincoln.
What was the involvement of the Massachusetts 54th Regiment at Fort Wagner and the 13th US colored troops in the battle of Nashville?
They helped the Union Army during the Nashville war, helping the Union win, and gaining support.
What was daily life like for common soldiers during the Civil War?
It was very hard, pressuring and could easily die.
Define Emancipation Proclamation.
Lincoln and his Republican Party created this document. Freed all Slaves in the Confederate States. No immediate effect, 1st step to end slavery.
Define Gettysburg Address.
Lincoln gave this speech to ensure that the principle of America was ensured, with freedom and liberty. Wanted to ensure peace and this speech is heavily tributed to the Northerners.
Define Lincoln.
Leader of the Republican Party and become the 16th president. Participated in the Election of 1860. Issued Emancipation Proclamation and made a speech on the Gettysburg Adress.
Define Stephen Douglas.
Participated in 1860 election, pro-slavery and lost
Define John Breckenridge.
Proslavery Candidate, who lost against Lincoln in the election of 1860.
Define John Bell.
Ran in election of 1860, pro-slavery candiate and lost.
Define Jefferson Davis.
Confederate States of America elected him as president, before he the governer of Missisippi
Define Robert E. Lee.
Confederate General through the Civil War.
Define Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson.
When the Union pushed forward at the Battle of Bull Run, a southern commander made southern lines stand firm. Upon seeing this, a solider shouted, “There is Jackson with Virigians standing like a stone wall.” Gained his nickname because of this event and became a formidable foe for the union army during the civil war.
Define Nathan Bedford Forrest.
Tenessan, slave trader and officer for the Confederate. Later become the 1st Grand Wizard of KKK after War. Prevented Slaves and Sympathizers to gain power.
Define Ulysses S. Grant.
Union General and 18th president.
Define David Farragut.
In the Battle of Shiloh, commanded a fleet of Union ships attacking New Orleans, and got Mississippi River control for the Union.
Define Massachusetts 54th Regiment.
1st African American Military Unit assembled for the union army during the civil war. 2 of Fredrick Dogoulas’ sons were among the 1st to enlist. The regiment fought bravely and 40% gave their lives for this cause.
Define the 13th US Colored Troops.
African American Unit organized out of Nashville. Helped Union Army in defense of Nashville during the Civil War.
Define Sam Watkins.
Confederate solider that wrote about life as a solider and journaled his experiences. Mainly fought in TN battles.
Who is Elisha Hunt Rhodes?
An American soldier who served in the Union Army of the Potomac for the entire duration of the Civil War, rising from corporal to Colonel of his regiment by the war’s end. Wrote an illustrative diary of his war service.
What is Election of 1860?
In this election, Lincoln, Douglas, Bell, and Breckenridge were running for the presidential seat. Lincoln won. This caused SC to secede along with other confederate states.
Describe the Attack on Fort Sumter.
Located near the coast of SC, with the US military there. Confederates surrounded this and they refused to surrender although they were starving. Lincoln sent food but it didn’t do much. Confederate soldiers captured the fort, winning. This attack on Fort Sumter caused the Civil War.
Describe the First Battle of Bull Run.
Confederate win this battle. General McDowell wanted to train the troops for the battle but he received lots of pressure from the North to end the war. Confederates took advantage of poor trained North. 1st a major battle.
Describe Battle of Shiloh.
Union won. General Grant followed the Anaconda plan, capturing the Mississippi river and fighting the Confederates. Both met, Union won and Farragut commanded the fleet for Union, securing the Mississippi River.
Describe the Battle of Antietam.
McClellan advanced toward Richmond, unsuccessful. Lee used momentum, attacking North. Both lost troops, neutral victory but technically North Victory because the South retreated.
What is the Battle of Gettysburg?
General Lee gathered all Confederate Forces and marched in PA, where it followed 1 of the bloodiest battle in history. Confederates were defeated and driven back to the South. More than 50,000 lives were lost during the 2 day battle.
What is the Battle of Vicksburg?
Union led siege to Vicksburg, the last remaining Confederate stronghold along MA, Grant, and Union bombarded Vicksburg for several months and Confederates gave up.
How did the Southern States respond to the ratification of the 15th amendment?
A. By implementing school segregation
B. By shutting down the Freedman’s Bureau
C. By imposing requirements denying African Americans the right to vote
D. By forcing African Americans to work as sharecroppers.
C. By imposing requirements denying African Americans the right to vote
What were Black Codes?
A. They were laws that prevented blacks to vote, serve on juries, or own guns.
B. They were dress codes for urban workers.
C. It was a series of laws that prevented interracial marriage.
D. Underground codes used to communicate over long distances
A. They were laws that prevented blacks to vote, serve on juries, or own guns.
Why did most Southern States enact the Black Codes after the Civil War?
A. to support the Freedman’s Bureau
B. to restrict the rights of former slaves
C. to support the 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th amendments
D. to restrict the political appointments of former confederates
B. to restrict the rights of former slaves
What was the main difference between the Reconstruction Plan outlined by Lincoln and the plan of the Radical Republicans?
A. The Presidential plan allowed all former Confederate soldiers to vote.
B. The Presidential plan blocked all former slaves from holding public offices
C. The Radical Republicans’ plan divided the South into military districts.
D. The Radical Republicans’ plan required states to revise constitutions.
C. The Radical Republicans’ plan divided the South into military districts.
Which of these occurred as a result of the 15th Amendment?
A. African American families divided by slavery were reunited.
B. Newly free men and women moved west to claim land.
C. African American men voted in the 1872 presidential election.
D. Newly free men and women were allowed to apply for U.S. citizenship
C. African American men voted in the 1872 presidential election.
How did the loss of its control of the Mississippi River contribute to the defeat of the Confederacy?
A. The river had provided access to the Union’s base of military operations
B. Losing control removed the barrier between slave and free states
C. The river had provided the Confederacy with a power source for factories
D. Losing control of the river divided the Confederacy in two
D. Losing control of the river divided the Confederacy in two
