Unit 1.1 Flashcards
(33 cards)
James and Alex are four year old twins, identify their life stage.
Childhood
Identify three factors that may affect a child’s language development.
- Lack of communication
- Lack of understanding.
- Unsettled in the environment.
Blake is two years old, describe two features of his language skills.
- He will nearly be able to put words into a sentence, eg. want toy.
- He will constantly ask questions and wants to know everything e.g. why?
Jane is 12 months old. She cries when her parents leave her.What is the name of this behaviour?
Specific attachment behaviour.
Name 3 physical changes in puberty for boys.
- Grow body hair
- penis and testicles develop
- voice breaks
- shoulders broaden
- shape changes
- become taller
- gain weight
Name 3 physical changes in puberty for girls.
- Grow body hair.
- period start.
- breasts develop.
- shape changes.
- become taller.
- gain weight.
Name 5 physical features of a person in later adulthood.
- hair loss
- reduction in taste and smell
- loss of skin elasticity
- wasting of muscles
- digestive disorders, such as constipation
- reduced production of hormone leading to diabetes
- reduction in stroke volume of heart.
- deafness
Explain the term adolescence. (2)
-Between childhood and early adulthood.(1)
-Age range 9-18 yrs. (1)
· Turn into man/woman/ go through puberty/child into adult(1)
· Time period when the body prepares for (sexual)
reproduction/ menstruation/produce ova/sperm (2)
Describe 1 physical feature of adolescence. (2)
Physical –Growth of sexual organs -growth spurt -widening of shoulders or hips -onset of menstruation -growth of breasts -development of body hair -voice breaking
Describe 1 social feature of adolescence. (2)
Social – friends more important than family -sociallyindependent -intimate friendships -interests as peers
Describe 1 emotional feature of adolescence. (2)
Emotional
- rebellious
- moody
- independence
- idealistic
- fanaticisms
Explain the difference between self-esteem and self-image. (4)
How an individual sees/views/perceives themselves is self image.
Whereas how an individual feels/values themselves is self esteem.
Paul is 17 years old.
Explain how unemployment may have affected Pauls self-concept. (8)
Increased/maintain self concept
· Time to fully prepare for any interviews /learn new skills / feels he has done his best
· Has time to meet with friends/meet new people/develop
socially/ makes him feel good
· Many other people in same position so self esteem maintained
· Able to claim benefits to live on
Decreased self concept/Negative
· Feels dependent on state hand-outs
· May feel depressed
· Feels rejected/ worthless/isolated/discriminated against
· Angry/resentful/disappointed
· Low self esteem/ low self image/doesn’t feel good /sees self as failure
· No money for clothes/leisure/luxuries
· May be tempted/get into trouble/ get into debt
· Boredom/unable to progress
Examine the advantages and disadvantages that Paul may experience if he returns to full-time education. (10)
Advantages
· Can progress/Higher education/purpose in life
· Secure a better job with more money eventually
· Make a new circle of friends
· Raise self esteem/self concept
· Become more confident
· Enhance cognitive skills / communication skills
· Join in other activities e.g. sport
Disadvantages
· Worry that a job that he wants comes after he starts
· Anxiety about his intellectual/practical skills/ integrating
· Still might be unemployed after college
· Levels of debt he might incur
· Lose benefits
· Anxiety about living expenses
· Ties him up for a long time
Keith the volunteer advisor is 68 years of age and a retired business manager.
Identify Keith’s life stage. (1)
Later adulthood
Identify three physical features of Keith’s life stage. (3)
Eyesight deteriorates /declines (NOT LOST) because the lens is less elastic/harder and the muscles are weaker
· Hearing reduces /declines (NOT LOST) because the small bones/joints become arthritic/stiff
· Skin elasticity is less so wrinkles form. /Elastic degenerates with time.
· Mobility is reduced due to joints becoming stiff as the
cartilage wears out /balance deteriorates
· Organs become less efficient as tissues age and blood supply gets less / immune system deteriorates
· Height decrease/get shorter
· Bones become less dense/ weaker/ more liable to fracture
Explain why Keith spend some time doing unpaid voluntary work. (6)
Retired so prevents boredom
· Wishes to repay society/give something back
· Increase social development by keeping work colleagues
· Extend his own knowledge
· Use his experience of life
· Remain active both mentally and physically
· Raise/maintain self-esteem/image/concept
· Make new friends
· Need to be appreciated/respected
· Pleasure/ personal satisfaction
Eve is the paid supervisor, she is currently divorcing her husband who has formed a relationship with a younger woman.
Examine how Eve’s relationship problems may be affecting her work. (8)
Physical
· Stress / irritable with people
· Lack of sleep / tired / can’t be bothered / inefficient
· Vulnerable to infection / time off work
· Weight loss / gain / altered self image
Emotional
· Angry / resentful (anti-men) / judgemental
· Sad / tearful / work problems have greater effect
· Lowered self-esteem / image/concept / lack of leadership
· Withdrawn emotionally / depressed / unhelpful
· Disinclined to talk / unhelpful
Social · Lonely / isolated · Doesn’t go out · Withdrawn socially (withdraws from social activities involved with work)
Intellectual
· Unable to concentrate/ distracted / inefficient/ lower work performance
· Makes mistakes / inefficient
· Loss of interest in work / can’t be bothered
· Bias/distorted perspective/inappropriate advice
Eve is going through the menopause.
Describe what is meant by the menopause. (2)
- The end of a female’s fertile period (2 marks) /
- cannot have more children (1 mark)
- no viable eggs/produced (1mark) so periods stop (1 mark)
- Age 45-55 1 mark
Eve had a few weeks off work due to stress from the break-up of her marriage.
Discuss how stress may effect Eve physically and emotionally. (10)
Physical · Adrenaline release, high blood pressure, heart disease · Digestive disorders, diarrhoea, ulcers · Palpitations, tachycardia (rapid heart rate) · Skin disorders · Sleeplessness · Vulnerability to infection · Headaches/migraines · Loss/gaining weight
Emotional · Panic attacks · Anxiety · Neuroses · OCD (obsessive compulsory disorder) · Depression · Tiredness due to sleeplessness · Irritability · Anger/aggression · Low self image/esteem/concept
Name two groups that would be at greater risk of life-threatening complications of ‘swine flu.’ (2)
-Children
· Pregnant women
· Individuals with health concerns/ reduced immunity
Describe two reasons why the UK government carried out a national health promotion campaign at the start of an infection such as ‘swine flu’. (4)
-To prevent a spread throughout the country
-Raise awareness and educate / signs and symptoms
· To reduce a potential death toll
· To relieve pressure on the NHS
· To raise confidence in the government
· Give advice on what to do / ways to increase personal hygiene
NOT stop people getting ill
Identify and justify the health promotion approaches/models used by the UK government in managing large scale infections such as ‘swine flu’. (6)
Educational/behavioural
· D of H needed to inform citizens of signs and symptoms of swine flu / raising awareness
· D of H needed to explain risks to health
· People needed to know what to do to prevent infection by swine flu.
· People needed to know how they should behave if infected
(Bio) Medical
· Antiviral drugs will be handed out to individuals who have been close to source of infection.
· Immunisations will be offered
The UK government has been criticised for not being effective enough in raising awareness of public health issues. Discuss this statement. (8)
-To inform people ( leaflets to every home) or not at all
· To run adverts emphasising what to do or not
· Publish up-to-date statistics or not
· Make the issue transparent or cover up
· Reinforce government guidance regularly or not
· Hold the DOH to account or not
· Criticism when facilities such as helplines are not ready
· Review strategies regularly or not
· Publicise personal stories or ignore
· Keep public vigilant or lose impact
· Issues not treated equally e.g. compare swine flu to HIV
· Resources unequal for different campaigns
· After an initial campaign, issues tend to be forgotten e.g. HIV
· Scarcity of vaccine
· Bureaucracy
