Unit 1.1 - Cells And Movement Across Cell Membranes

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Controls activities of the cell

Found in both animal and plant cells

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

Controls what enters and exits the cell

Found in both animal and plant cells

Question 3

Cell wall

Answer 3

Made of strong cellulose to support the cell

Found in plant cells

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

Place where most chemical reactions take place

Found in both animal and plant cells

Question 5

Vacuole

Answer 5

Pushes the rest of the cell contents against the cell wall

Found only in plant cells

Question 6

Cell sap

Answer 6

Found in the vacuole. Contains stored food

Found in plant cells

Question 7

Mitochondrion

Answer 7

Site of aerobic respiration. Powerhouse of the cell

Found in plant cells

Question 8

Chloroplast

Answer 8

Place where cells make food by photosynthesis

Found in plant cells

Question 9

Chlorophyll

Answer 9

Green pigment found in chloroplasts that absorbs light for photosynthesis

Found in plant cells

Question 10

Tissue

Answer 10

A group of similar cells with similar functions

Question 11

Organ

Answer 11

A group of similar tissue with similar functions

Question 12

Organ system

Answer 12

A collection of several organs that work together

Question 13

Concentration gradient

Answer 13

The difference between particle concentrations in two areas. (Slope)

Question 14

Name a cell that contains too much water

Answer 14

Turgid cell

Question 15

Name a cell that contains too little water

Answer 15

Flaccid / plasmolysed cell

Question 16

Active transport

Answer 16

The movement of particles from a low concentration to a high concentration against the concentration gradient using a carrier molecule in the membrane (requires energy)

Question 17

Diffusion

Answer 17

The movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration (doesn’t require energy)

Question 18

Osmosis

Answer 18

The movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration through a semi permeable membrane (doesn’t require energy)

Question 19

A model of enzyme action

Answer 19

Lock & key Hypothesis

Question 20

Enzyme-substrate complex

Answer 20

Temporary molecule formed when the substrate binds with an enzyme

Question 21

Two physical factors that affect enzyme activity

Answer 21

Temperature & pH

Question 22

How many amino acids form an average enzyme

Answer 22

400

Question 23

How many different amino acids are there

Answer 23

20

Question 24

Dilute solution

Answer 24

High concentration of water

Question 25

Concentrated solution

Answer 25

Low concentration of water

Question 26

What prevents active transport from occurring

Answer 26

Anything that interferes with respiration

Question 27

What do enzymes do

Answer 27

Break down large insoluble molecules into smaller more soluble molecules

Question 28

What holds the shape of the active site

Answer 28

Chemical bonds

Question 29

What are Enzymes are made up of

Answer 29

Amino acids

Question 30

Different enzymes are made of …

Answer 30

…different combinations of amino acids

Question 31

What determines the function of an enzyme

Answer 31

It’s 3 dimensional shape

Question 32

What happens when an enzyme is denatured?

Answer 32

It doesn’t break down substrates

Question 33

How to calculate magnification of picture

Answer 33

Length of picture/real length (use same units of measure)

Question 34

What enables substances to pass into the cell

Answer 34

Pores in the cell membrane (membrane is semi permeable)

Question 35

Optimal temperature for enzymes to work properly

Answer 35

Body temperature