Unit 1.1 Chemistry Disciplines Flashcards
(40 cards)
What is Biology?
The study of living organisms
What is Physics?
The study of interactions between energy and matter
What is Chemistry?
The study of properties and changes of matter
What are the five subdivisions that classify the fields of study within Chemistry?
Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry, Organic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, and Physical Chemistry
What is Analytical Chemistry?
– A branch of chemistry dealing with the development and use of techniques for chemical measurements.
– Such techniques are used for analyzing the chemical composition of substances.
– Chemical analysis can be qualitative or quantitative.
What is Biochemistry?
– A branch of chemistry studying chemical processes and reactions within living organisms.
– Can be considered both chemistry and biology.
– Born from Friedrich Wöhler
How did German chemist Freidrich Wöhler borne biochemistry?
In 1828 he accidentally synthesized urea from inorganic precursors, which was previously thought to be impossible. Scientists didn’t think synthesizing organic compounds from inorganic compounds was possible.
What are nucleic acids?
The building blocks of our genetic instructions (DNA and RNA) found in all forms of life.
What is a genome?
The distinct pattern of nucleic acids found in the nuclei of a species cells
What are lipids?
– A term for many non-water-soluble biomolecules.
– Our body fat is made of lipids.
What is Organic Chemistry?
A branch of chemistry studying organic carbon compounds, involving the structures, composition, and synthesis of carbon-containing compounds.
What makes a compound organic?
The bond between carbon and hydrogen
There are more than ____ known organic compounds.
Six million
What bonds can Carbon atoms make?
– Can form strong bonds with many different elements
– Can bond covalently to other carbon atoms while simultaneously strongly bonding with other nonmetal atoms
– When carbon atoms bond together, can form chains of thousands of atoms, and rings, spheres, tubes
What are impacts of Biochemistry on daily life?
Medicine, agriculture, molecular biology, etc.
What are impacts of Organic Chemistry on daily life?
Plastics, clothing, medications, etc.
What is Inorganic Chemistry?
A branch of chemistry studying properties and behaviour of inorganic compounds.
Differentiate between Inorganic Compounds and Organic Compounds.
Inorganic Compounds: Generally non-biological compounds lacking hydrogen + carbon bonds. CAN contain carbon
Organic Compounds: Consist of carbon + hydrogen and usually derived from living things
What are some sub-branches of Inorganic Chemistry?
Geochemistry, physical chemistry (physicochemistry), bioinorganic chemistry, etc.
What is Geochemistry?
Studying chemicals of planets and chemical compositions of rocks and soil.
What is physical chemistry?
– AKA physicochemistry
– Relevant to virtually all other scientific fields and serves as foundation
– Relating to the concept of physics in chemical systems, using the principles of thermodynamics, quantum chemistry, and kinetics as its basis.
What is Bioinorganic Chemistry?
– Studying compounds with metal-carbon bonds within biological systems.
– Focuses on the pretense of metal ions in biochemical processes. (?)
– Includes aspects of organic chemistry
What are impacts of Inorganic Chemistry on daily life?
Education, environmental science, government agencies, formulas for household cleaners, etc.
What four subject areas encompass physical chemistry?
Thermodynamics, quantum chemistry. chemical kinetics, statistical thermodynamics.
