Unit 11. Design and Innovation Flashcards
1
Q
To cause something bad to start. (Provocar, desencadenar)
A
Trigger
2
Q
(Expression) A set of ideas or facts accepted by a person that explains their behaviour, opinions or decisions. (Marco de referencia)
A
Frame of reference
2
Q
The fact that something is too loose. (Flacidez. distension)
A
Slack
2
Q
- To reduce or cause something to reduce. (Agotar, disminuir) - If the blood/colour _ from someone’s face, or if their face _ (of blood/colour), they turn very pale, often because they are shocked or ill. (Palidecer)
A
Drain
3
Q
To cover something in concrete. (Revestir de hormigón)
A
Concrete
3
Q
Shouted when a tree that has been cut is about to fall.
A
Timber
3
Q
Not tight, loose. (Suelto, flojo)
A
Slack
3
Q
Empty, simple, or obvious, especially without decoration or anything that is not necessary. (Escueto, desnudo, austere, dure, severo)
A
Stark
3
Q
(Construir)
A
Construct
3
Q
To remove and/or take in a particular direction, especially in a fast and powerful way. (Arrastrar)
A
Sweep
4
Q
To represent or show something in a picture or story. (Representar)
A
Depict
5
Q
The act of sweeping something to clean it. (Barrido)
A
Sweep
6
Q
(Medias)
A
UK: Tights US: Pantyhose
6
Q
(Expression) (US informal) Unfair treatment.
A
The shaft
6
Q
- To completely destroy a building, especially in order to use the land for something else. (Demoler, derribar) - To prove that an argument or theory is wrong. (Echar por tierra)
A
Demolish
7
Q
A cover that you put on a teapot or a boiled egg to keep it warm.
A
UK: Cosy US: Cozy
7
Q
Grateful because of help given. (Agradecido)
A
Indebted
7
Q
(Expression) To raise a flag to the top of a pole using a rope. (Alzar la bandera)
A
Hoist a flag
8
Q
An explosion. (Sacudida, onda expansiva)
A
Blast
8
Q
Not having enough space or time. (Estrecho, apretado)
A
Cramped
8
Q
A tall modern building with many floors.
A
High-rise
8
Q
To keep thinking or talking about something, especially something bad or unpleasant. (Obsesionarse)
A
Dwell on something
9
Q
A place where you pay to use the machines there that will wash and dry clothes. (Lavandería)
A
Launderette / Laundrette / (US) Laudromat
9
Q
Describes a building with several floors. (De varias plantas)
A
UK: Multistorey US: Multistory
10
Describes a product that is intended to be thrown away after use. (Desechable)
Disposable
11
(Expression) Almost.
All but
13
A moving ship that can be used for removing goods from a ship, putting bags onto an aircraft, moving grain into a store, etc. (Montacargas)
Elevator
14
To direct water onto something using a hose. (Lavar o regar con manguera)
Hose
15
To fix a border around a picture, etc. and often glass in front of it. (Encuadrar)
Frame
16
A word used especially in shops for things such as socks, tights, and stockings. (Medias, calcetería)
Hose / Hosiery
16
Delicate, as if full of air. (Ligero)
Airy
17
A sudden strong blow of air. (Ráfaga)
Blast
17
To form an edge to something in an attractive way. (Enmarcar)
Frame
19
- A pile of things arranged one on top of the other. (Pila) - (Informal) A large amount. (Montón)
Stack
20
- An opportunity to make your ideas or beliefs known publicly. - All the things that a political party promises to do if they are elected. (Programa politico)
Platform
21
Describes a situation that is convenient for those involved but may not be honest or legal.
UK: Cosy US: Cozy
22
- If you _ something, you remove the liquid from it, usually by pouring it away or allowing it to flow away, and if something \_, liquid flows away or out of it. (Drenar, escurrir) - If you _ a glass or cup, you drink all the liquid in it. (Acabar, bebértelo todo)
Drain
23
(Expression) The freedom to do, say, or feel what you want. (Rienda suelta)
Free rein
24
To easily defeat someone.
Demolish
25
With a lot of light and space. (Espacioso, amplio)
Airy
25
(Innovador)
Innovative
25
To strongly encourage or try to persuade someone to do something. (Exhortar, inciter)
Exhort
26
- (Literary) Very high an making people feel respect. (Destacado, sobresaliente) - Very great. (Imponente, alto)
Towering
27
- To imagine or expect something in the future, especially something good. (Prever) - To form a mental picture of something or someone you have never seen. (Imaginar)
Envisage
27
To win all the parts of a completion, or to win very easily. (Arrasar)
Sweep
28
Tha basic structure of a building, vehicle, or piece of furniture that other parts are added onto. (Armazón, estructura)
Frame
29
To express something choosing your words carefully. (Formular, elaborar una frase, pregunta)
Frame
30
- To love, protect, and care for someone or something that is important to you. (Estimar, apreciar) - To keep hopes, memories, or ideas in your mind because they are important to you and bring you pleasure. (Conservar)
Cherish
31
(Phrasal verb) To praise something or someone in a way that will influence people's opinions.
Build something/somebody up
33
(Expression) The way someone thinks or feels about something at a particular time. (Estado de ánimo)
Frame of mind
35
A long, thin pole made of wood or metal. (Barra, vara)
Rod
35
Owing money. (Endeudado)
Indebted
37
(UK) The system of pipes, openings in the ground or other devices that are used for carrying away waste matter and water. (Alcantarillado)
Drains
38
In football, a _ is a player whose position is behind the other defenders.
Sweeper
40
(Ocupar)
Occupy
41
To perform an examination on a chemical in order to test how pure it is. (Evaluar, analizar)
Assay
42
To explode or destroy something or someone with explosives, or to break through or hit something with a similar, very strong force. (Volar, bombardear)
Blast
42
An ugly grey area of a city where people live in closely crowded apartment buildings and there is little space and no trees or grass.
Concrete jungle
43
Showing no worry or serious thought. (Despreocupado, hecho a la ligera)
Airy
43
To quickly eat all the food you have been given. (Zamparse)
Demolish
44
A thing or person that is very surprising or causes a lot of admiration. (Maravilla)
Marvel
45
(Expression) To make someone become suddenly and completely in love with you. (Conquistar)
Sweep somebody off their feet
46
The period of preparation before something happens.
Build-up
47
(A piece of) material like a net with spaces in it, made from wire, plastic, or thread. (Malla)
Mesh
49
(Expression) The people who are up on a platform in order to speak to an audience.
The platform
49
More important that anything else. (Fundamental, primordial)
Overrriding
49
Showing little activity; not busy or happening in a positive way. (Perezoso, vago, descuidado)
Slack
50
(Innovación, novedad)
Innovation
51
To clean especially a floor by using a brush to collect the dirt into one place from which it can be removed. (Barrer)
Sweep
52
To say what the punishment of someone who has commited a serious crime will be.
Condemn somebody to (do) something
53
(Specialized) One of the pictures on a strip of photographic film, or one of the single pictures that together form a television or cinema film. (Fotograma)
Frame
53
The type of computer system you are using, in connection with the type of software you can use on it. (Plataforma)
Platform
54
The size and shape of someone's body. (Cuerpo, constitución)
Frame
55
Something that makes you very tired.
Drain
56
To criticize someone or something severely. (Emprenderla contra)
Blast
58
Comfortable and pleasant, especially (of a building) because of being small and warm. (Cómodo, calentito)
UK: Cosy US: Cozy
60
To join together in the correct position. (Engranar)
Mesh
61
To officially declare (something) to be unfit for use. (Declarar en ruina/ como no apto)
Condemn
62
(Phrasal verb) To increase or become larger or stronger, or to cause someone or something to do this. (Desarrollar, incrementar, acumular)
Build (something/somebody) up
63
A set of stairs inside a building, usually with a bar fixed on the wall or onto vertical poles at the side for you to hold on to. (Escalera)
Staircase
64
- To look at something carefully, with the eyes or with a machine, in order to get information. (Examinar, explorar) - To look through a text quickly in order to find a piece of information that you want or to get a general idea of what the text contains. (Echar un vistazo a)
Scan
65
Tall, with many floors.
High-rise
66
To arrange things in a ordered pile. (Apilar)
Stack
67
- A long, thin piece of material, especially leather, that helps you to control and direct a horse. (Rienda) - (UK) A strap that is put around a small child's body wrist and held at the other end by an adult so that the adult can stop the child from running away
Rein
67
(Funcional)
Functional
68
A multistorey car park.
UK: Multistorey US: Multistory
69
(Expression) Soon.
Before (very/too) long Before much longer
71
To make someone suffer in a particular way. (Condenar)
Condemn somebody to something
72
A pipe or channel that is used to carry away waste matter and water from a building, or an opening in the road that rain water can flow down. (Alcantarilla)
Drain
73
Travelling on public transport further than your ticket allows you to.
Overriding
74
A wooden or plastic triangle used to put the balls into position at the start of a game such as billiards or snooker.
UK: Frame US: Rack
76
(Expression) As loud as possible. (A todo volumen)
At full blast
77
Wood used for building. (Madera para construcción)
UK: Timber US: Lumber
78
To live in a place or in a particular way. (Residir, vivir)
Dwell
80
When different things or people \_, they suit each other or work well together.
Mesh
81
- To move, especially quickly and powerfully. (Pasar a toda velocidad) - To quickly spread through and influence an area. (Invadir) - To travel across all of an area, especially when looking for something. (Recorrer, peinar) - If a road, river, range of mountains, set of steps, etc. _ in a particular direction, they follow a particular curved path. (Extenderse, recorrer)
Sweep
83
(Expression) A beam of light. (Un rayo de luz)
Shaft of light
83
To lift something heavy, sometimes using ropes or a machine. (Levantar, alzar)
Hoist
85
(Decorar)
Decorate
86
- To remove a covering like a curtain from a new structure at a formal ceremony on order to show the opening or finishing of a new building or work of art. - If you _ something new you show it or make it known for the first time. (Revelar, descubrir)
Unveil
88
- To (make something or someone) become difficult to see clearly. (Hacer borroso, desdibujar) - To make the difference between two things less clear, or to make It difficult to see the exact truth about something. (Desdibujar)
Blur
90
(Phrasal verb) To compare with another thing of a similar type. (Compararse)
Stack up
91
To make a very loud and unpleasant noise.
Blast
92
(Phrasal verb) If a rocket \_, it leaves the ground to go to space.
Blast off
93
To use a machine to put a picture of a document into a computer, or to take a picture of the inside of something. (Escanear, explorar con imagen)
Scan
94
Cloth hanging or arranged in folds. (Pañería, colgaduras)
Drapery
95
- A movement, especially a quick, powerful one or one to search an area. (Movimiento, trayectoria, marcha) - A long, often curved, area of land, sea, river, etc. (Curva, extensión, trazado)
Sweep
97
A large piece of electrical equipment used in the home, especially in the kitchen. (Gran electródomestico)
Domestic appliance
99
A sudden loud noise.
Blast
101
To make someone very tired. (Agotar)
Drain
102
The money that you can spend as you want and not the money you spend on taxes, food, and other basic needs. (Renta disponible)
Disposable income
103
Trees that are grown so that the wood from them can be used for building. (Árboles que dan madera)
Timber
104
(Activar)
Activate
106
To cheat or trick someone, or to treat them unfairly. (Joder)
Shaft
107
A device, machine, or piece of equipment, especially an electrical one that is used in the house, such as a cooker or washing machine. (Electrodoméstico grande o pequeño)
Appliance
107
A long piece of wood used for building, especially houses and ships. (Viga de madera)
Timber
107
A hole in a bath, sink, etc. through which water flows away and into which you can put a plug. (Desagüe)
UK: Plughole US: Drain
108
- A flat raised area or structure. (Plataforma) - A long, flat raised structure at a railway station, where people get on and off trains. (Andén) - The raised part of the floor in a large room, from which you make a speech or give a musical performance. (Tarima, tribuna)
Platform
109
Something that used more of your energy, money, or time that you want to give.
Drain
110
(Expression) A situation in which a player, team, etc. wins everything that is available. (Ganarlo todo)
A clean sweep
112
(Espacioso)
Spacious
113
A situation in which someone or something is praised, advertised, or talked about on the internet, in newspapers, etc. (Propaganda)
Build-up
114
An area with a wall or bars around it that is joined to the outside wall of a building on an upper level. (Balcón, terraza)
Balcony
114
A state of confusion, uncertainty, or disorder. (Confusión, agitación)
Turmoil
116
(US informal) An exciting or enjoyable experience or event, often a party. (Desmadre, fiestón)
Blast
117
To invent a plan, system, object, etc., usually cleverly or using imagination. (Trazar, idear, concebir)
Devise
119
Someone or something that sweeps something clean. (Barrendero, aspiradora)
Sweeper
120
If a poem or part of a poem \_, it follows a pattern of regular beats. (Medir un poema)
Scan
121
A long, either vertical or sloping, passage through a building or through the ground. (Hueco, pozo)
Shaft
122
The moment when a spacecraft leaves the ground.
Blast-off
123
A part of a machine that allows movement on one direction only. It is usually a wheel with teeth-like parts that either slide over or lack against the free end of a bar. (Trinquete)
Ratchet
124
(Old-fashioned) A pair of trousers, usually of a type that fit loosely.
Slacks
126
To show or experience great surprise or admiration. (Maravillarse, asombrarse)
Marvel
128
Completely or extremely. (Completamente)
Stark
129
To work more slowly and with less effort that usual, or to go more slowly. (Holgazanear)
Slack
130
- A person who lives or works in a room or building. (Residente, inquilino, ocupante) - A person who is in a car, room, seat, place, or position. (Ocupante)
Occupant
132
A road accident involving a row of cars. (Accidente en cadena)
Stack-up
133
An important stage in something's development. (Hito)
Landmark
134
Clear and certain, or real and existing in a form that can be seen or felt. (Concreto)
Concrete
135
(De una sola planta)
Single-storey
136
(Formal) A house or place to live in. (Vivienda, morada)
Dwelling
138
To criticize something or someone strongly, usually for moral reasons. (Condenar)
Condemn
139
(Literary) A clever remark, especially one that is intended as an attack on someone or something.
Shaft
140
(Exprission) To not judge someone as severely as you usually would because they are having problems at the present time. (Ser más tolerante con)
Cut somebody some slack
141
Very small pieces and dust from coal. (Cisco)
Slack
142
- A careful or quick look through something. (Exploración) - A medical examination in which an image of the inside of the body is made using a special machine. (Exploración con un escáner)
Scan
143
To make a process in a factory or office operate by machines or computers, in order to reduce the amount of work done by humans and the time taken to do the work. (Automatizar)
Automate
144
An increase, especially one that is gradual. (Aumento progresivo)
Build-up
146
- Having a lot of complicated decoration. (Ornamentado, decorado) - (Mainly disapproving) Language that is _ contains too many complicated words or phrases. (Florido)
Ornate
147
A set of shelves in a library that are positioned close together so that a lot of books can be stored on them. (Estanterías)
The stacks
148
(AUS informal) A car accident, especially one that causes damage.
Stack
150
- A pole or rod that forms the handle of a tool or weapon. (Mango) - A rod forming part of a machine such an engine, that turns in order to pass power on to the machine. (Vara)
Shaft
152
A disposable product, especially a disposable nappy. (Producto desechable)
Disposable
154
The plastic or metal structure that holds together a pair of glasses. (Montura)
Frames
155
A period of play in some games, such as snooker.
Frame
156
A building or place that is easily recognized, especially one the you can use to judge where you are. (Punto de referencia, edificio/sitio emblemático)
Landmark
157
A device or machine that looks awkward or old-fashioned, especially one that you do not know how to use. (Aparato, artilugio)
Contraption
158
A long plastic or rubber pipe, used to direct water onto fires, gardens, etc. (Manguera)
UK: Hose/hosepipe US: Hose
159
A very hard building material made by mixing together cement, sand, small stones, and water. (Hormigón)
Concrete
160
(US) A period of time when measurements of the number of people watching different television stations are made so that the cost of advertising on each station can be set.
Sweeps
161
An area of seats at an upper level in a theatre. (Galería)
Balcony
162
(Informal) To make a person seem to be guilty of a crime when they are not, by producing facts or information that are not true. (Tender una trampa)
Frame
163
A border that surrounds and supports a picture, door or window. (Marco)
Frame
164
(Expression) If work or money is or goes \_, it is spoiled or wasted. (Irse por el desagüe)
Down the drain (AUS) Down the gurgler
165
- Having a colour between red and pink. (Rosado, sonrosado) - If a situation is described as rosy, it gives hope of success or happiness. (Prometedor)
Rosy
166
Produced cheaply and in large amounts by machines in a factory. (Fabricado en serie)
Mass-produced
167
- Something that you cannot see clearly. (Contorno borroso) - Something that you cannot remember or understand clearly. (Vago recuerdo)
Blur
168
(De dos plantas)
Two-stor(e)y
