Unit 12: Abnormal Behavior Flashcards
A syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance is an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.
Psychological Disorder
A psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
The concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital.
Medical Model
A widely used system for classifying psychological disorders.
DSM-5
Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety.
Anxiety Disorders
An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable, minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations. Often followed by worry over a possible next attack.
Panic Disorder
An anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation.
Phobia
Intense fear of social situations, leading to avoidance of such.
Social Anxiety Disorder
Fear or avoidance of situations, such as crowds or wide open places, where one has felt loss of control and panic.
Agoraphobia
A disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions).
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
A disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises.
Post-Traumatic Growth
Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes.
Mood Disorders
A mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or another medical condition, two or more weeks with five or more symptoms, at least one of which must be either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.
Major Depressive Disorder
A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.
Mania
A mood disorder in which a person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited states of mania.
Bipolar Disorder
Compulsive fretting; overthinking about our problems and their causes.
Rumination
A psychological disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and/or diminished or inappropriate emotional expression.
Schizophrenia
A psychological disorder in which a person loses contact with reality; experiencing irrational ideas and distorted perceptions.
Psychosis
False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.
Delusions
False sensory experience, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.
Hallucination
A psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause.
Somatic Symptom Disorder
A disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found.
Conversion Disorder
