Unit 13: Psychotherapy Flashcards
(24 cards)
based on the interaction between a trained therapist, using psychological techniques, and a client, who is experiencing emotional, behavioral, or interpersonal problems.
psychotherapy
medications, electroconvulsive therapy, or other medical procedures that directly affect the brain and nervous system of a patient
biomedical therapies
involves using a variety of therapeutic techniques based on the symptoms and needs of the clients
eclectic approach
(freud developed) a method of psychotherapy aimed at revealing and resolving conflicts that are in the unconscious; goal is to make connections between modern problems and conflicts and events that occurred in clients past
psychoanalysis
a technique that involves the client speaking freely about any topic or image that comes into his or her mind
free association
when the client unconsciously tries to block the process of revealing repressed memories.
resistance
slips of the tongue, or statement accidentally made by the client, that could reveal what the client is unconsciously thinking
freudian slips
occurs when the patient unconsciously responds to the therapist as though he or she were a significant person in his or her life
transference
helps clients cope with present problems and situations
interpersonal therapy
emphasizes striving for and reaching human potential
humanistic perspective
treating the client as a valued person; listening to the client without being judgemental, interrupting, or expressing an emotion; the goal is that clients will overcome feelings of inferiority.
unconditional positive regard
(active-listening) therapist tries to see problems from the clients perspective; understands what the client is going through and how it is affecting their decision-making process; reflection
empathy
an example of active listening, which repeats the client’s thoughts and concerns, while adding supportive comments
reflection
(also called genuineness) the therapist tries to be consistent with how his or her thoughts and feelings are directed toward the client; the therapist is open and honest with the client to promote trust and a positive relationship.
congruence
proposes that psychological problems originate from learned behaviors; by addressing these problematic learned behaviors, the therapist can teach his or her client new, more effective learned behaviors
behavior therapy
believe that maladaptive behavior can also be modified through consequential actions
behavior modification therapists
addresses both thoughts and behaviors associated with the problem
cognitive behavior therapy
behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors;
counterconditioning
behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imaginai=tion or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid
exposure therapies
a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli; commonly used to treat phobias
systematic desensitization
an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to electronic simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking
virtual reality
similar to going right to the highest step on the anxiety hierarchy in systematic desensitization, as a result, some people may find it too stressful, preferring a more gradual approach
flooding
a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)
aversive conditioning
an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats
token economy
