Unit 14

Question 1

deal with

Answer 1

handle

رسیدگی کردن

Question 2

tackle

/ˈtækəl/

Answer 2

to try to deal with a difficult problem

Question 3

compromise

/ˈkɒmprəmaɪz/

Answer 3

an agreement that is achieved after everyone involved accepts less than what they wanted at first, or the act of making this agreement

/ To stop the argument they decided on a compromise./
مصالحه کردن

Question 4

remedy

/ˈremədi/

Answer 4

a way of dealing with a problem or making a bad situation better SYN solution

Question 5

setback

/ˈsetbæk/

Answer 5

a problem that delays or prevents progress, or makes things worse than they were
عقب نشستن

Question 6

deteriorate

/dɪˈtɪəriəreɪt/

Answer 6

to become worse

His condition deteriorated rapidly during the night.

Question 7

exacerbate

/ɪɡˈzæsəbeɪt /

Answer 7

to make a bad situation worse

/ I don’t want to exacerbate the situation./

Question 8

aggravate

/ˈæɡrəveɪt/

Answer 8

to make a bad situation,

/ Cutting down the old forests may aggravate global warming. /

Question 9

flourish

/ˈflʌrɪʃ /

Answer 9

to develop well and be successful SYN thrive

/ Most plants will flourish in the rich deep soils here. /

Question 10

acclimatise

/əˈklaɪmətaɪz/

Answer 10

to become used to a new place, situation, or type of weather, or to make someone become used to it

/ Runners had to acclimatize to the humid tropical conditions./

Question 11

amend

/əˈmend/

Answer 11

to correct or make small changes to something that is written or spoken

/ The law was amended to include women. /
اصلاح کردن ، ترمیم

Question 12

linger

/ˈlɪŋɡə/

Answer 12

to continue to exist, be noticeable, etc for longer than is usual or desirable

/ Summer weather has lingered longer than usual. /
درنگ کردن ، مردد بودن

Question 13

long-term

Answer 13

continuing for a long period of time, or relating to what will happen in the distant future OPP short-term

Question 14

one-sided

Answer 14

one-sided

Question 15

short-sighted

Answer 15

not considering the possible effects in the future of something that seems good now – used to show disapproval OPP far-sighted
کوته بین

Question 16

understaffed

/ˌʌndəˈstɑːft/

Answer 16

not having enough workers or fewer workers than usual

Question 17

double-edged sword

Answer 17

having two different parts

Question 18

adequate

/ˈædɪkwət/

Answer 18

enough in quantity or of a good enough quality for a particular purpose SYN sufficient OPP inadequate
/ Most people eat an adequate diet. /

Question 19

booming

Answer 19

a quick increase of business activity

پر رونق

Question 20

erode

/ɪˈrəʊd/

Answer 20

if the weather erodes rock or soil, or if rock or soil erodes, its surface is gradually destroyed

/ The rocks have gradually eroded away./
فرسودن

Question 21

catastrophic

/ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk/

Answer 21

causing a lot of destruction, suffering, or death

مصیبت بار

Question 22

decent

/ˈdiːsənt/

Answer 22

of a good enough standard or quality

/ a decent salary /

Question 23

staggering

/ˈstæɡərɪŋ/

Answer 23

extremely great or surprising SYN amazing

/ a staggering rise in crime /

Question 24

dash

/dæʃ/

Answer 24

to go or run somewhere very quickly

Question 25

necessity | /nəˈsesəti/

Answer 25

something that you need to have in order to live OPP luxury

Question 26

afford | /əˈfɔːd /

Answer 26

to provide something or allow something to happen / The room affords a beautiful view over the city./ از عهده برامدن

Question 27

slum | /slʌm/

Answer 27

a house or an area of a city that is in very bad condition, where very poor people live

Question 28

inhabitant | /ɪnˈhæbɪtənt/

Answer 28

one of the people who live in a particular place | در حالت جمع معنی سکنه می دهد

Question 29

developing nations

Answer 29

areas of the world that are poorer and have less advanced industries

Question 30

urbanization

Answer 30

the process by which more people leave the countryside to live in the city شهرنشینی

Question 31

overpopulation

Answer 31

the problem of having too many people

Question 32

infrastructure

Answer 32

the basic systems and services of a city | زیر بنا

Question 33

exclusion | /ɪkˈskluːʒən/

Answer 33

when someone is not allowed to take part in something or enter a place OPP inclusion

Question 34

tolerance | /ˈtɒlərəns/

Answer 34

willingness to allow people to do, say, or believe what they want without criticizing or punishing them بردباری

Question 35

mount | /maʊnt/

Answer 35

to plan, organize, and begin an event or a course of action | پایه

Question 36

unsustainable | /ˌʌnsəˈsteɪnəbəl/

Answer 36

unable to continue at the same rate or in the same way / unsustainable economic growth /

Question 37

innovation | /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/

Answer 37

a new idea, method, or invention

Question 38

household | /ˈhaʊshəʊld /

Answer 38

all the people who live together in one house

Question 39

efficient | /ɪˈfɪʃənt/

Answer 39

if someone or something is efficient, they work well without wasting time, money, or energy OPP inefficient / We need more efficient methods of transporting goods./ کارامد

Question 40

scarce | /skeəs /

Answer 40

if something is scarce, there is not very much of it available / Food was often scarce in the winter. / کمیاب

Question 41

cast-off

Answer 41

دور انداختن، کنارگذاشتن

Question 42

ubiquitous | /juːˈbɪkwɪtəs/

Answer 42

seeming to be everywhere / Coffee shops are ubiquitous these days./ موجود در همه جا

Question 43

apparel | /əˈpærəl/

Answer 43

clothes

Question 44

rag | /ræɡ/

Answer 44

a small piece of old cloth, for example, one used for cleaning things

Question 45

pawnbroker | /ˈpɔːnˌbrəʊkə/

Answer 45

someone whose business is to lend people money in exchange for valuable objects. If the money is not paid back, the pawnbroker can sell the object. دلال

Question 46

nascent | /ˈnæsənt/

Answer 46

coming into existence or starting to develop / the country’s nascent democracy/ پیدایش یافته ، در حال تولد

Question 47

upon | /əˈpɒn /

Answer 47

used to mean ‘on’ or ‘onto’ | بر روی ، فوق

Question 48

reliant | /rɪˈlaɪənt/

Answer 48

dependent on someone or something

Question 49

industrialisation | /ɪnˌdʌstriəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

Answer 49

when a country or place develops a lot of industry

Question 50

disposal | /dɪˈspəʊzəl /

Answer 50

when you get rid of something disposal of / the safe disposal of radioactive waste/ دفع کردن

Question 51

sewerage | /ˈsjuːərɪdʒ/

Answer 51

the system by which waste material and used water are carried away in sewers and then treated to stop them being harmful فاضلاب

Question 52

emerged | /ɪˈmɜːdʒ

Answer 52

to appear or come out from somewhere | پدیدار شدن

Question 53

sift | /sɪft/

Answer 53

to put flour, sugar etc through a sieve or similar container in order to remove large pieces الک کردن

Question 54

filth | /fɪlθ/

Answer 54

dirt, especially a lot of it

Question 55

merchant | /ˈmɜːtʃənt /

Answer 55

someone who buys and sells goods in large quantities | بازرگان

Question 56

cinder | /ˈsɪndə/

Answer 56

a very small piece of burnt wood, coal etc | خاکستر

Question 57

fertilise

Answer 57

to make new animal or plant life develop

Question 58

hereditary | /həˈredətəri

Answer 58

a quality or illness that is hereditary is passed from a parent to a child before the child is born → genetic ارثی

Question 59

incinerator | /ɪnˈsɪnəreɪtə/

Answer 59

a machine designed to burn things in order to destroy them | / We want proof that the incinerator will be safe. /