Unit 15: Calorie Needs and Metabolism

Question 1

Calorie, or kilocalorie

Answer 1

The terminology used to represent how much heat-yielding potential there is contained in a food’s contents.

Question 2

Metabolic Rate

Answer 2

The rate of the body’s energy expenditure.

Question 3

Basal Metabolic Rate

Answer 3

The rate at which the body expends energy for maintenance activities, such as keeping the body alive, organ function, and so on.

Question 4

BMR calculation for men

Answer 4

1 X Body weight in kilograms X 24 hours

Question 5

BMR calculation for women

Answer 5

0.9 X Body weight in kilograms X 24

Question 6

MET

Answer 6

Metabolic equivalent is a term used related to energy. equivalent to a metabolic rate of consuming 3.5 mL O2/kg/ minute, the rate of energy expenditure at rest.

Question 7

Homeostasis

Answer 7

The processes that maintain a constant internal body environment.

Question 8

Catabolism

Answer 8

The chemical reactions that break down complex biomolecules into simpler ones for energy production.

Question 9

Anti-Catabolic

Answer 9

Describing a substance that prevents catabolism.

Question 10

Metabolic Pathway

Answer 10

A sequence of metabolic reactions.

Question 11

Metabolic Set Point

Answer 11

The average rate at which your metabolism runs and will result in a body composition set point.

Question 12

Respiratory Quotient

Answer 12

A measure of the

ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide expired to the volume of oxygen consumed.

Question 13

RQ formula

Answer 13

Volume of CO2 expired/ volume of O2 utilized.

Question 14

RQ for carbs

Answer 14

1.0

Question 15

RQ for fat

Answer 15

0.7

Question 16

RQ for protein

Answer 16

0.8, but usually this measure is from using a mix of carbs and fats.

Question 17

VO2 Max

Answer 17

The maximum rate at which oxygen can be consumed.

Question 18

Energy Metabolism

Answer 18

A series of chemical reactions that result in the breakdown of foodstuffs by which energy is produced, used, and given off as heat.

Question 19

Strength-Power

Answer 19

Energy from immediate ATP stores. Shot put, power lift, high jump, golf swing, tennis serve, and throwing. About 0–3 seconds of all-out effort.

Question 20

Sustained-Power

Answer 20

Energy from immediate ATP and CP stores. Sprints, fast breaks, football line man. About 0–10 seconds of near maximum effort.

Question 21

Anaerobic Power-Endurance

Answer 21

ATP, CP, and Lactic Acid. A 200–400 meter dash, 100-yard swim. About one to two minutes.

Question 22

Aerobic Endurance

Answer 22

Aerobic oxidative energy. Over two-minute events.

Question 23

ATP

Answer 23

The molecule that stores energy in a form that can be used for muscle contractions.

Question 24

Creatine Phosphate

Answer 24

Serves to instantaneously regenerate ATP molecules.

Question 25

Glycolysis

Answer 25

The metabolic process that creates energy via splitting a molecule of glucose to form either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and produce some ATP molecules.

Question 26

Krebs Cycle

Answer 26

This is part of the oxidative portion of energy production where carbon chains from the breakdown of glucose, fatty acids, and protein are used for more ATP production.

Question 27

Glycogenolysis

Answer 27

The Cell Breakdown of Stored Glycogen for use as energy.

Question 28

Oxidative Pathways

Answer 28

The systems that supply energy for low-intensity, high- duration activities lasting more than approximately three or four minutes, such as marathon running and aerobic dance.

Question 29

Glycogen Replenishment

Answer 29

The refilling of the body’s glycogen stores.

Question 30

Glycogen Depletion

Answer 30

The draining of the body’s glycogen stores.