Unit 2

Question 1

*What did Edwin L. Drake do in 1859?

Answer 1

Successfully used steam engine drills for oil

Question 2

*What was the Bessemer process?

Answer 2

Puts air into iron to remove carbon to make steel

Question 3

*What did Thomas Alva Edison do in 1876?

Answer 3

Established first research laboratory

Question 4

*What did Christopher Shores invent in 1867?

Answer 4

The typewriter

Question 5

*What did Alexander Grahm Bell and Thomas Watson do in 1876?

Answer 5

Introduced the telephone

Question 6

*What was completed and spanned the nation in 1869?

Answer 6

The first transcontinental railroad

Question 7

*What did George M. Pullman do in 1880?

Answer 7

Built a railcar factory on Illinois prairie

Question 8

*The Union Pacific stockholders formed which construction company?

Answer 8

Credit mobilier

Question 9

*What was Munn v. Illinois?

Answer 9

Supreme Court upholds states’ right to regulate RR

Question 10

*What did public outrage lead to in 1887?

Answer 10

The interstate Commerce Act

Question 11

*Who was one of first moguls to make their own fortune?

Answer 11

Andrew Carnegie

Question 12

*What 2 business strategies did Carnegie come up with? What did they do?

Answer 12

• Vertical integration -buys or suppliers to control materials
•Horizontal integration -merges with competing companies

Question 13

*What is a social Darwinist

Answer 13

•Someone who believes that cause people are different races that they are a different species than us
•A person who believes in segregation

Question 14

*What was John D. Rockefeller the founder of?

Answer 14

The Standard Oil Company -also formed trust

Question 15

*What was the Sherman Autitrust Act?

Answer 15

Trust illegal if interferes with free trade

Question 16

*What was Samuels Gompers the founder of? And what did it do?

Answer 16

•American Federation of Labor (AFL)
•AFL uses collective bargaining (negotiating) for better wages, hours, and conditions

Question 17

*What formed in 1905? Who formed it?

Answer 17

•Industrial workers of the world (IWW)
•Radical Unionists and socialists

Question 18

*Who was the most prominent organizer in women’s labor?

Answer 18

Mary Harris Jones

Question 19

*What was Ellis Island?

Answer 19

The chief U.S. immigration station in New York Harbor

Question 20

*What was Angel Island?

Answer 20

The immigrant processing station in San Francisco Bay

Question 21

*What does the term “melting pot” mean?

Answer 21

People blend in the U.S. by abandoning their native culture

Question 22

*What does nativism mean?

Answer 22

Overt favoritism towards native born Americans

Question 23

*What act in 1882 banned entry to most Chinese

Answer 23

The Chinese Exclusion Act

Question 24

*What was the Gentleman’s agreement?

Answer 24

Japan limits emigration

Question 25

*What did industrialization lead to?

Answer 25

Urbanization (growth of cities)

Question 26

*What is Americanization?

Answer 26

A movement that assimilates people into main culture

Question 27

*What is Tenements?

Answer 27

Multifamily urban dwellings, are overcrowded, unsanitary

Question 28

*What did Mass Transit do?

Answer 28

Move large numbers of people along fixed routes

Question 29

*What was the Gospel movement?

Answer 29

Preaches salvation, through service to the poor

Question 30

*What were settlement houses?

Answer 30

Community centers in slums to help immigrants

Question 31

*What was Poll Tax?

Answer 31

Some that must be paid annually to vote

Question 32

*What was the Grandfather Clause?

Answer 32

Let’s poor whites vote

Question 33

*What did racial segregation laws separate? What law was apart of this? What did that law do specifically?

Answer 33

•Separated races in private and public places •Jim Crow Laws •Reject people from labor unions

Question 34

In 1896, what did Plessy v. Ferguson do?

Answer 34

Made segregation legal in public places

Question 35

*Who was Ida B. Wells? What did she do?

Answer 35

•Former slave who became a teacher and newspaper editor •Campaigned for racial justice

Question 36

*Who was forced into debt Peonage?

Answer 36

Some southwest Mexicans and African Americans

Question 37

What was Andrew Carnegie the king of

Answer 37

Steel

Question 38

What was George Rice known for?

Answer 38

Oil BUISNESS

Question 39

What was Cornelius Vanderbilt the king of?

Answer 39

Railroad empire -he created it

Question 40

What was JP Morgan known for?

Answer 40

Leading global financial service firms

Question 41

What was JD Rockefeller the king of?

Answer 41

Oil