Unit 2

Question 1

Data science

Answer 1

study of data to extract insights for business

Question 2

Collection of discrete values

Answer 2

Data

Question 3

Programmable devices

Answer 3

chips that incorporate configurable logic circuits

Question 4

Programmable Logic devices

Answer 4

may contain internal flash memory (non-volatile)
Includes: series and parallel connection to external memory, a bus to microcontroller connection

Field PLD: high flexibility, designed to be configured by a designer.10,000 ~ 1,000,000’s gates

Programmable L controller: programmable with a specialized programming langue, limited processing, lower performance costs less than FPGA/FPLD. <= 100 gates

Complex PLD: complexity between both and arch features of both, 1,000 ~ 10,000 gates

FTB:
Programmable array logic (PAL)
Generic array logic (GAL)
Programmable logic arrays (PLA)
Field-programmable logic arrays (FPLA)
Programmable logic devices (PLD)

Question 4

Data Analytics

Answer 4

analyzing raw data to make conclusions

Examine large data to identify trends, develop chart s and presentations for da money

Question 5

basic digital electronic systems

Answer 5

Memory: storage

Microprocessors: execute software instructions like playing

Logic: mange and control digital signals, managing specific low-level tasks that support the system’s overall functionality with the programmable devices that act as the brains of the system

Network: collection of computers connected via networking devices like the internet. Service enabling devices: modems, routers, switches, network appliances(NID and SID), servers.

Question 6

HMI

Answer 6

comms using an interface

Question 7

computer/ machines

Answer 7

Comps- store and process data and input

Machi- apply mechanical force?

Question 8

Advantages of HCI

Answer 8

Improve interaction between users and comps

simple

Ease of deployment and operations

cost saving for smaller set-ups

Reduce solution design time and integration complexity

Question 9

Cognitive Psychology’s Contribution to HCI

Answer 9

Limitation: Considers human constraints like memory, attention span, and problem-solving limits.

Information Processing: Focuses on how users perceive, interpret, and respond to information for intuitive designs.

Performance Prediction: Anticipates user behavior and efficiency to optimize workflows.

Cooperative Working: Analyzes group dynamics to improve systems for teamwork.

Capabilities: Leverages human strengths like pattern recognition and decision-making to design supportive systems

Question 10

Disciplines for HCI

Answer 10

cognitive psycho
CS
Linguistics
Engineering and design
AI
Ergonomics

Question 11

FTB: Fixed Logical device

Answer 11

Permanent, they perform one
function or set of functions - once manufactured, they cannot be changed

Question 12

FTB: computer networks

Answer 12

Start: Began with ARPANET, evolving into the Internet.

Mainframes: Connected via PSTN, later improved by PCM.

Ethernet and LANs: Growth of Ethernet, client/server LANs, and adoption of TCP/IP.

Processors: Shift from slow general processors to optimized networking processors.

Software: Evolution of tools like Microsoft Windows Server and SDN for centralized management.

Security: Progressed from basic firewalls to advanced modern measures.

Growth: Networking hardware and software have advanced greatly.

Question 13

1-5g

Answer 13

1G: Analog voice communication, basic call functionality.

2G: Introduction of digital voice and text messaging (SMS).

3G: Enabled mobile internet and basic web browsing.

4G: High-speed internet, video streaming, and better multimedia.

5G: Ultra-fast speeds, IoT connectivity, and support for Ultra HD/3D video.

Question 14

FTB: What do we mean by multidisciplinary nature of HCI

Answer 14

Combines knowledge from computer science (graphics, programming) and human-focused disciplines (psychology, linguistics, design).

Question 15

FTB

Answer 15

HCI
Evolution of Interfaces:

Shift from simple mechanical controls (e.g., switches, pedals) to advanced interfaces like GUIs, voice, and gesture controls.
Move towards multimodal, adaptive, and active systems for better interaction.
Examples of HMI:

GUI-based systems: Smartphones, desktops, kiosks.
Voice interfaces: Virtual assistants like Google Assistant, chatbots.
Gesture controls: Radar-based systems enabling interaction without touch.

Question 16

FTB: Emerging Technologies in HMI

Answer 16

AI and big data for intelligent and contextual responses.
Enhanced voice recognition with reduced error rates.
Radar-based gesture control for touchless interaction.

Question 17

challenges of HCI

Answer 17

Poorly designed interfaces can lead to accidents (e.g., Three Mile Island).

Voice recognition systems still face issues like background noise and misinterpretation.