Unit 2 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is the patho for Dilated CM
Rapid degeneration of fibers—cardiomegaly—-blood stasis in LV
What meds decrease preload
Nitrates—nitroglycerin
Diuretics—furosemide
What meds decrease after load
Ace inhibitors— (-pril)
What meds are antidysrhythmics
Spirolactone, amidarone and stall
What rhymic abnormalilities are characterized in hypertrophic CM
S4 and murmurs
ST-T wave abnormalities
Can you use nitroglycerins on hypertrophic HF
No, nitroglycerins worsen angina
What meds are unique to hypertrophic CM
Calcium channel blockers (verapamil)—relieves and helps relaxation
What CM is asymptomatic
Hypertrophic
What are some causes of prerenal AKI
Loss of fluid— hemorrhage, severe burns, CHF (extra fluid in tissues)
How does loss of blood flow effect the kidneys
Decrease blood flow— decreased blood filtered— decreased GFR—azotemia (more nitrogen components in the blood
What causes intrarenal AKI
Damage to tubules
Glomeruolunephritis
Acute interstitial nephritis
What are the causes and patho if there is damage to the tubules of the kidney
Antibiotics, heavy metals, chemo (uric acid), ischemia
Damage to tubules—decreased GFR (blood filtered/min)—decreased urine (Oliguria)—azotemia
What are the complications of glomerulonephritis
Glomerulus inflammation
Large molecules can slip by (proteinuria, hematuria)
What the complications of acute interstitial nephritis in AKI
Can’t filter (reabsorption/secretion impaired)
More sodium and BUN in urine
Hypersensitivity to meds, chronic analgesics
What is an important management if there is a patient with AKI
Daily weights
Assess color, JVD, edema, mental status and LOC
What are some considerations with AKI and the elderly
Elderly are at risk for AKI because GFR decreases with age
Also polypharmacy increases risk for AKI