Unit 2 Flashcards

(16 cards)

1
Q

What is the patho for Dilated CM

A

Rapid degeneration of fibers—cardiomegaly—-blood stasis in LV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What meds decrease preload

A

Nitrates—nitroglycerin
Diuretics—furosemide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What meds decrease after load

A

Ace inhibitors— (-pril)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What meds are antidysrhythmics

A

Spirolactone, amidarone and stall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What rhymic abnormalilities are characterized in hypertrophic CM

A

S4 and murmurs
ST-T wave abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Can you use nitroglycerins on hypertrophic HF

A

No, nitroglycerins worsen angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What meds are unique to hypertrophic CM

A

Calcium channel blockers (verapamil)—relieves and helps relaxation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What CM is asymptomatic

A

Hypertrophic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some causes of prerenal AKI

A

Loss of fluid— hemorrhage, severe burns, CHF (extra fluid in tissues)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does loss of blood flow effect the kidneys

A

Decrease blood flow— decreased blood filtered— decreased GFR—azotemia (more nitrogen components in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What causes intrarenal AKI

A

Damage to tubules
Glomeruolunephritis
Acute interstitial nephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the causes and patho if there is damage to the tubules of the kidney

A

Antibiotics, heavy metals, chemo (uric acid), ischemia
Damage to tubules—decreased GFR (blood filtered/min)—decreased urine (Oliguria)—azotemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the complications of glomerulonephritis

A

Glomerulus inflammation
Large molecules can slip by (proteinuria, hematuria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What the complications of acute interstitial nephritis in AKI

A

Can’t filter (reabsorption/secretion impaired)
More sodium and BUN in urine
Hypersensitivity to meds, chronic analgesics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is an important management if there is a patient with AKI

A

Daily weights
Assess color, JVD, edema, mental status and LOC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some considerations with AKI and the elderly

A

Elderly are at risk for AKI because GFR decreases with age
Also polypharmacy increases risk for AKI