Unit 2

Question 1

foodborne diseases

Answer 1

infections, irritations or poisonings in the digestive system caused by the consumption of contaminated food or drinks

Question 2

incubation period?

Answer 2

time interval between exposure to the organism causing the illness and the first appearance of symptoms

Question 3

general symptoms foodborne diseases

Answer 3

-nausea
-stomach cramps
-fever
-fatigue
-diarrhoea

Question 4

causes foodborne diseases
eg of foods associated with them

Answer 4

pathogens
chemical substances

raw meat and chicken
fruit and veg contaminated with manure
unpasteurised fruit juices
any food item touched by someone with diarrhoea

Question 5

prevention foodborne diseases

Answer 5

food must be cooked for long enough at high temps
cold food kept cold and hot foods kept hot
raw meat, chicken, seafood prepared away from other food
wash hands before and after handling raw products
clean appliances and surfaces with hot, soapy water

Question 6

treatment foodborne diseases

Answer 6

replace liquids and electrolytes lost through diarrhoea or vomiting

Question 7

Hepatitis A

Answer 7

high contagious liver infection that is caused by the virus hepatitis A virus

Question 8

how transmitted Hepatitis A

Answer 8

consumption of contaminated food or water or through contact with an infected person

Question 9

symptoms Hepatitis A

Answer 9

fatigue
nausea
vomiting
dark urine
yellowing of skin and white of eyes

Question 10

incubation period Hepatitis A

Answer 10

28 days average

Question 11

prevention Hepatitis A

Answer 11

good sanitation
good personal hygiene
safe, clean drinking water
take precautions when visiting high risk countries

Question 12

treatment Hepatitis A
lifestyle

Answer 12

adapt diet
cope with nausea-replace fluids and electrolytes
allow liver to rest
rest

Question 13

Tuberculosis

Answer 13

serious, chronic bacterial infection affecting mainly the lungs

Question 14

how Tuberculosis spreads

Answer 14

person coughs, sneezes, spits, speaks or laughs, releasing tiny droplets of saliva containing the bacteria into the air, which is then inhaled by another person

Question 15

latent TB

Answer 15

tb bacteria hide in the body, while the immune system prevents the person from becoming ill

Question 16

symptoms Tuberculosis

Answer 16

coughing for longer that 3 weeks
coughing up blood
fatigue
fever
night sweats
cold shiversi

Question 17

incubation period

Answer 17

2- 12 weeks

Question 18

prevent Tuberculosis

Answer 18

focus on treatment that prevents latent TB becoming active
protect family + friends
complete the course of meds
vaccination
ventilate rooms

Question 19

treatment Tuberculosis

Answer 19

rest
clean, dry air
reduce stress
healthy, balanced diet
eat a wide variety of foods
regular blood tests
essential to complete treatment

Question 20

Escherichia Coli (E-Coli)
and cause

Answer 20

type of bacterium that is found in the digestive tract of healthy humans and animals
caused by eating contaminated food or by drinking or swimming in contaminated water

Question 21

symptoms E-Coli

Answer 21

abdominal cramps
diarrhoea and blood stools
nausea and vomiting
fatigue
fever
*kidney failure, blood in urine

Question 22

prevention E-Coli

Answer 22

always wash hands thoroughly before and after handling food
avoid cross contamination between cooked and raw foods
wash fruit and vege before use
defrost meat in the fridge
use safe, clean water

Question 23

treatment E-Coli

Answer 23

drink lots of fluid
take enough rest
dont use anti-diarrhoea products

Question 24

Dysentery

Answer 24

an intestinal infection, particularly in the colon (large intestine), which can lead to acute diarrhoea with mucus and blood in the stools

Question 25

2 types of Dysentery what bacteria caused by how are they contaminated

Answer 25

bacillary Dysentery by Shigella bacteria amoebic Dysentery through consumption of contaminated food or drink, when swimming in contaminated water or food washed in contaminated water

Question 26

symptoms Bacillary Dysentery amoebic Dysentery

Answer 26

mild stomach cramps mild diarrhoea without mucus and blood in stools nausea, vomiting, dehydration abdominal pain water diarrhoea which can contain blood and mucus

Question 27

incubation period Dysentery

Answer 27

1-3 days

Question 28

prevention Dysentery

Answer 28

wash hands regularly use safe, clean water eat fully cooked meals wash fruit and veg before use prevent cross contam between raw + cooked foods

Question 29

treatment Dysentery

Answer 29

rehydration medication against bacterium

Question 30

Gastroenteritis

Answer 30

inflammation of the inner lining of the stomach and intestines in reaction to an infection caused by a virus, bacterium, toxic substance or medication

Question 31

How transmitted Gastroenteritis

Answer 31

poor hygiene contact with or taking in contaminated food/ drink

Question 32

symptoms Gastroenteritis

Answer 32

mild/acute diarrhoea nausea vomiting fever abdominal cramps

Question 33

incubation period Gastroenteritis

Answer 33

a few hrs or a few days

Question 34

prevention Gastroenteritis

Answer 34

use separate chopping boards for raw and cooked meat wash fruit and vegetables before use make sure that food that must be stored for a few hours is either very hot or very cold do not swallow water when you swim

Question 35

treatment Gastroenteritis

Answer 35

drink lots of fluid rest as much as possible dont use anti-diarrhoea products avoid solid foods eat smaller, more regular meals treatment with antibiotics