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Life & Words of Rizal > Unit 2: 19th Century PH in Rizal's Context > Flashcards

Unit 2: 19th Century PH in Rizal's Context Flashcards

1
Q

The 19th century in the Philippines was dubbed as […], […], […], and […]

A
  • era of challenges
  • age of enlightenment
  • birth of modern life
  • birth of nations
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2
Q

When did the Galleon Trade occur?

A

1565-1815
(250 years)

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3
Q

When did the Galleon Trade end?

A

September 14, 1815

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4
Q

Who found the arrival course from Cebu to Mexico in 1565, thus establishing the Galleon Trade?

A

Andres De Urdaneta

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5
Q

How many total Galleons set sail from Manila during the Galleon Trade?

A

110

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6
Q

During the Galleon Trade, the Spanish government declared Manila as the […]

A

commerce center of the east

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7
Q

When did the Suez Canal first open?

A

Nov. 17, 1869

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8
Q

Who was the French diplomat who constructed the Suez Canal?

A

Ferdinand de Lesseps

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9
Q

A waterway in Egypt that connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez

A

Suez Canal

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10
Q

Dubbed as the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa

A

Suez Canal

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11
Q

The Suez canal shortened travel time from Spain to Manila from […] to […]

A
  • 3 months
  • 32-40 days
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12
Q

Term used for Filipinos who can study abroad

A

Illustrados

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13
Q

A period during which the Philippines was building its cash crop economy

A

Rise of Export of Crop Economy
(1820-1870)

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14
Q

The advancement of Philippine cash crop exports was propelled by […] and […] vendors

A
  • north European
  • north American
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15
Q

When was the opium monopoly legalized by the Spanish government?

A

1840s

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16
Q

When was the monopoly of spirituous liquor?

A

1712-1864

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17
Q

When was the monopoly of betel nuts?

A

1764

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18
Q

When was the monopoly of tobacco?

A

1782-1882

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19
Q

When was the monopoly of explosives?

A

1805-1864

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20
Q

The most controversial and oppressive monopoly in the Philippines

A

Tobacco Monopoly
(March 1, 1782)

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21
Q

Who placed the tobacco industry under government control?

A

Governor-General Jose Basco y Vargas

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22
Q

When was the Tobacco Monopoly abolished?

A

1882
(after 100 years)

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23
Q

Who abolished the Tobacco Monopoly?

A

Governor-General Primo De Rivera

24
Q

The objective of education in the Philippines during the Spanish rule

A

To make obedient, God-fearing citizens

25
Q

Who mandated the education of locals in the Philippines?

A

King Philip II
(Leyes de Indias)

26
Q

A term used to define pure blood Spaniards born in Spain but had moved to a colony

A

Peninsulares

27
Q

A term used to define pure blood Spaniards born in the Philippines

A

Insulares

28
Q

A Royal Decree which provided for the establishment of educational institutions for boys and girls

A

Educational Decree of December 20, 1863

29
Q

The only university-level institution in the Philippines during the 19th century

A

University of Santo Tomas

30
Q

When was the Rise of Chinese Mestizos?

A

1741-1898

31
Q

The hierarchy of the Inquilino System

A
  • Friars/Secular Spanish
  • Administrator
  • Inquilino
  • Sharecroppers/Kasamas
32
Q

The 4 conflicts between estate owners and workers during the Rise of Inquilinos

A
  • excessive taxes and rent
  • decline of sharing agreements
  • extreme labor demands
  • capricious crop pricing
33
Q

A political philosophy focused on the ideals of freedom and equality

A

Liberalism

34
Q

A political revolution in Europe and elsewhere wherein monarchial rule was overthrown and replaced by a liberal government system

A

French Revolution
(1789-1799)

35
Q

4 farms of Tobacco Industry

A
  • Nueva Ecija
  • Marinduque
  • Ilocos
  • Cagayan Valley
36
Q

The battle cry during the French Revolution

A

“Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity”

37
Q

The first liberal governor-general in the Philippines and a role model of liberalism

A

Governor-General Carlos Maria De la Torre
(1869-1871)

38
Q

The most beloved Spanish governor-general in the Philippines

A

Governor-General Carlos Maria De la Torre
(1869-1871)

39
Q

A series of economic and political changes in Spain in the 18th century to increase royal revenues and reduce the power of the nobility

A

Bourbon Reforms

40
Q

The Spanish King who created the Bourbon Reforms

A

Spanish Bourbon King Philip V
(1700-1746)

41
Q

During the Napoleonic control of Spain, a liberal constitution was declared in […]

A

Cadiz
(March 1812)

42
Q

The first constitution in Europe to deal with national sovereignty, recognizing that sovereignty comes from the people, not the king

A

Cadiz Constitution

43
Q

The first 2 delegates of the Philippines during the Cadiz Constitution

A
  • Pedro Perez de Tagle
  • Jose Manuel Coretto
44
Q

A governor-general of the Cadiz Constitution who called for an election of Manila officials

A

Governor-General Manuel Gonzales Aguilar

45
Q

Appointee from the Royal Corps of Artillery of Manila who was appointed by Aguilar

A

Don Ventura de Los Reyes

46
Q

Who declared the Cadiz Constitution invalid and reestablished absolutism?

A

King Fernando VII
(May 1814)

47
Q

It institutes the principles of universal male suffrage, national sovereignty, constitutional monarchy, and freedom of the press, and advocates land reform and free enterprise

A

Cadiz Constitution

48
Q

A worldview founded on ideas of freedom and equality

A

Liberalism

49
Q

Commonly depicted as the birth of modern life and nation-states

A

19th century

50
Q

The qualified system of tenancy, or the right to use land in exchange for rent

A

Inquilino System

51
Q

When did the Spanish government close the ports of Manila to all countries except Mexico?

A

1565

52
Q

The son of poor Ilocano parents who took part in the Ilocos revolt led by Diego Silang in 1762

A

Don Ventura de los Reyes

53
Q

Became the trading hub where China, India, Japan, and Southeast Asian countries sent their goods to be consolidated for shipping

A

Manila

54
Q

They played the role of agents who could distribute imports in the interior and buy up goods for export during the development of the export crop industry

A

Chinese

55
Q

The mandated Spanish authorities in the Philippines to educate the locals

A

Spanish missionaries

56
Q

The strict discipline used by Spanish friars for the locals to learn fast

A

corporal punishments

57
Q

They were highly respected in their respective pueblos or towns, though regarded as filibusteros or rebels by the friars

A

Ilustrados

Life & Words of Rizal (7 decks)

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