Unit 2 Flashcards
(26 cards)
A situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living
Overpopulation
The scientific study of population characteristics
Demography
The portion of earths surface occupied by permanent human settlement
Ecumene
A complete enumeration of a population
Census
Patterns of where people live
Population distribution
The total number of people divided by the total land area
Arithmetic population density
The number of people per unit of area of arable land which is land suitable for agriculture
Physiological population density
The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture
Agricultural density
Total number of live births in a year for every one thousand people alive in society
Crude birth rate CBR
Total number of deaths in a year for every thousand people alive in society
Crude death rate CDR
Percent of growth of a population in a year, crude birth rate equals death rate
Natural increase rate NIR
Number of years needed to double a population assuming a constant rate of natural increase
Doubling time
Average number of years an individual can be expected to live
Life expectancy
A bar graph that represents distribution of population by age and sex
Population pyramid
Number of people under 15 and over 64 compared to the number of people active in labor force
Dependency ratio
Number of males per 100 females in the population
Sex ratio
Process of change in a societies population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of little crude birth rate and death values low rate of natural increase and higher total population
Demographic transition model
The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering
Agricultural revolution
A series of improvements in industrial technology that transform the process of manufacturing goods
Industrial Revolution
Improved medical technology and practices
Medical revolution
Decline of the total fertility rate the point where the natural increase rate equals zero
Zero population growth
Grows by same amount in each time step
Linear growth
Rate becomes more rapid in proportion to the growing total number or size
Exponential growth
Advocate for population control programs to ensure resources for current and future population
Neo-Malthusians
