Unit 2 Flashcards

(38 cards)

0
Q

Cell wall

A

In plants
Made of cellulose
Thick rigid wall located just outside the cell membrane
Keeps plant standing

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1
Q

Cell Membrane

A

In all cells

Protects the cell and creates a barrier between the inside and outside. Controls what enters and exits the cell

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2
Q

Cytoplasm

A

In all cells
Jelly like liquid inside the cell membrane
Contains the organelles and is the location of many chemical reactions controlled by enzymes

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3
Q

Nucleus

A

In all cells

Control center of the cell and contains DNA

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4
Q

Nuclear envelope

A

In all cells

Surrounds the nucleus for protection

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5
Q

Nucleolus

A

In all cells

Special region in the nucleus where ribosomes are made

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6
Q

Ribosomes

A

In all cells
Proteins that make proteins free or attached
Free in cytoplasm
Attached in the rough ER

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7
Q

Rough ER

A

In all cells
Always near nucleus
Makes proteins and other cell products for export out of the cell
Studded with ribosomes

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8
Q

Smooth ER

A

In all cells
Makes cell membrane
Detoxify drugs
Has many enzymes, NO lysosomes

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9
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

In all cells
Collects, modifies, and ships cell products
Receives cell products from the endoplasmic reticulum

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10
Q

Transport Vesicle

A

In all cells
Small membrane bound compartments
Transports compounds around the cell

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11
Q

Lysosomes

A

In animal cells
Contains digestive enzymes
Surrounded by a double membrane
Digests food and other cells

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12
Q

Vacuole

A

In all cells

Stores water, good, nutrients, and cell products

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13
Q

Turgor pressure

A

Outward pressure of cytoplasm against a cell wall. Allows plants to stand up

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14
Q

Chloroplast

A

In plant cells

Converts sunlight into food

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15
Q

Mitochondria

A

In all cells

Converts food into energy

16
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

In all cells
Skeleton of the cell
Provides structure, shape, and movement

17
Q

Centriole

A

In animal cells

Involved in cellular reproduction

18
Q

Cilia

A

In all cells
Have small hair like projections
Provide movement

19
Q

Flagella

A

In all cells
Whip like cell
Provides movement

20
Q

Pinocytosis

Active or passive?

A

Ingestion of liquids

Active transport

21
Q

Equilibrium

A

Concentration of solute is equal on both sides of the membrane

22
Q

Passive Transport

A

No energy required, down gradient

23
Q

Hydrophobic tails

A

Part of the interior of the membrane

24
Exocytosis | Active or passive ?
Material removed from the cell | Active transport
25
Diffusion | Active or passive?
Movement of molecules from a greater to a lesser concentration Passive transport
26
Facilitated diffusion | Active or passive?
Movement of molecules down a gradient with the help of a carrier protein Passive transport
27
Osmosis | Active or passive ?
Movement of water molecules across a membrane | Passive transport
28
Selectively permiable
Allows only certain things in or out
29
Hypertonic
Solution that causes cells to shrink | Has higher percentage of solute
30
Homeostasis
Stable internal conditions within a living cell or organism
31
Isotonic
Solution that will cause no change in cell | Equal amount of solute
32
Concentration gradient
Difference in concentration across a distance
33
Hydrophilic heads
Part of the membrane that is on the outside
34
Phagocytosis
Ingestion of large solid molecules
35
Hypotonic
Solution that allows cells to enlarge | Has higher percentage of water
36
Endocytosis | Active or passive ?
Molecules taken into the cell | Active
37
Active Transport
Moving against concentration gradient, requires energy