Unit 2 Flashcards
(38 cards)
Cell wall
In plants
Made of cellulose
Thick rigid wall located just outside the cell membrane
Keeps plant standing
Cell Membrane
In all cells
Protects the cell and creates a barrier between the inside and outside. Controls what enters and exits the cell
Cytoplasm
In all cells
Jelly like liquid inside the cell membrane
Contains the organelles and is the location of many chemical reactions controlled by enzymes
Nucleus
In all cells
Control center of the cell and contains DNA
Nuclear envelope
In all cells
Surrounds the nucleus for protection
Nucleolus
In all cells
Special region in the nucleus where ribosomes are made
Ribosomes
In all cells
Proteins that make proteins free or attached
Free in cytoplasm
Attached in the rough ER
Rough ER
In all cells
Always near nucleus
Makes proteins and other cell products for export out of the cell
Studded with ribosomes
Smooth ER
In all cells
Makes cell membrane
Detoxify drugs
Has many enzymes, NO lysosomes
Golgi Apparatus
In all cells
Collects, modifies, and ships cell products
Receives cell products from the endoplasmic reticulum
Transport Vesicle
In all cells
Small membrane bound compartments
Transports compounds around the cell
Lysosomes
In animal cells
Contains digestive enzymes
Surrounded by a double membrane
Digests food and other cells
Vacuole
In all cells
Stores water, good, nutrients, and cell products
Turgor pressure
Outward pressure of cytoplasm against a cell wall. Allows plants to stand up
Chloroplast
In plant cells
Converts sunlight into food
Mitochondria
In all cells
Converts food into energy
Cytoskeleton
In all cells
Skeleton of the cell
Provides structure, shape, and movement
Centriole
In animal cells
Involved in cellular reproduction
Cilia
In all cells
Have small hair like projections
Provide movement
Flagella
In all cells
Whip like cell
Provides movement
Pinocytosis
Active or passive?
Ingestion of liquids
Active transport
Equilibrium
Concentration of solute is equal on both sides of the membrane
Passive Transport
No energy required, down gradient
Hydrophobic tails
Part of the interior of the membrane