Unit 2

Question 0

Cell wall

Answer 0

In plants
Made of cellulose
Thick rigid wall located just outside the cell membrane
Keeps plant standing

Question 1

Cell Membrane

Answer 1

In all cells

Protects the cell and creates a barrier between the inside and outside. Controls what enters and exits the cell

Question 2

Cytoplasm

Answer 2

In all cells
Jelly like liquid inside the cell membrane
Contains the organelles and is the location of many chemical reactions controlled by enzymes

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

In all cells

Control center of the cell and contains DNA

Question 4

Nuclear envelope

Answer 4

In all cells

Surrounds the nucleus for protection

Question 5

Nucleolus

Answer 5

In all cells

Special region in the nucleus where ribosomes are made

Question 6

Ribosomes

Answer 6

In all cells
Proteins that make proteins free or attached
Free in cytoplasm
Attached in the rough ER

Question 7

Rough ER

Answer 7

In all cells
Always near nucleus
Makes proteins and other cell products for export out of the cell
Studded with ribosomes

Question 8

Smooth ER

Answer 8

In all cells
Makes cell membrane
Detoxify drugs
Has many enzymes, NO lysosomes

Question 9

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 9

In all cells
Collects, modifies, and ships cell products
Receives cell products from the endoplasmic reticulum

Question 10

Transport Vesicle

Answer 10

In all cells
Small membrane bound compartments
Transports compounds around the cell

Question 11

Lysosomes

Answer 11

In animal cells
Contains digestive enzymes
Surrounded by a double membrane
Digests food and other cells

Question 12

Vacuole

Answer 12

In all cells

Stores water, good, nutrients, and cell products

Question 13

Turgor pressure

Answer 13

Outward pressure of cytoplasm against a cell wall. Allows plants to stand up

Question 14

Chloroplast

Answer 14

In plant cells

Converts sunlight into food

Question 15

Mitochondria

Answer 15

In all cells

Converts food into energy

Question 16

Cytoskeleton

Answer 16

In all cells
Skeleton of the cell
Provides structure, shape, and movement

Question 17

Centriole

Answer 17

In animal cells

Involved in cellular reproduction

Question 18

Cilia

Answer 18

In all cells
Have small hair like projections
Provide movement

Question 19

Flagella

Answer 19

In all cells
Whip like cell
Provides movement

Question 20

Pinocytosis

Active or passive?

Answer 20

Ingestion of liquids

Active transport

Question 21

Equilibrium

Answer 21

Concentration of solute is equal on both sides of the membrane

Question 22

Passive Transport

Answer 22

No energy required, down gradient

Question 23

Hydrophobic tails

Answer 23

Part of the interior of the membrane

Question 24

Exocytosis | Active or passive ?

Answer 24

Material removed from the cell | Active transport

Question 25

Diffusion | Active or passive?

Answer 25

Movement of molecules from a greater to a lesser concentration Passive transport

Question 26

Facilitated diffusion | Active or passive?

Answer 26

Movement of molecules down a gradient with the help of a carrier protein Passive transport

Question 27

Osmosis | Active or passive ?

Answer 27

Movement of water molecules across a membrane | Passive transport

Question 28

Selectively permiable

Answer 28

Allows only certain things in or out

Question 29

Hypertonic

Answer 29

Solution that causes cells to shrink | Has higher percentage of solute

Question 30

Homeostasis

Answer 30

Stable internal conditions within a living cell or organism

Question 31

Isotonic

Answer 31

Solution that will cause no change in cell | Equal amount of solute

Question 32

Concentration gradient

Answer 32

Difference in concentration across a distance

Question 33

Hydrophilic heads

Answer 33

Part of the membrane that is on the outside

Question 34

Phagocytosis

Answer 34

Ingestion of large solid molecules

Question 35

Hypotonic

Answer 35

Solution that allows cells to enlarge | Has higher percentage of water

Question 36

Endocytosis | Active or passive ?

Answer 36

Molecules taken into the cell | Active

Question 37

Active Transport

Answer 37

Moving against concentration gradient, requires energy