Unit 2 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Symbolic communication
communication that involves people’s ongoing interpretations of one another’s reactions.
Social reality
the totality of meaning about the world on which the members of a group or society agree.
Nonconformity
behaviors that deviate from generally held cultural expectations or social norms.
Symbols
an object to which any meaning can be assigned.
Signs
An object to which an unchanging response is made.
Self
the view of oneself derives from the ability to evaluate one’s behaviours from the point of view of others, ultimately from the point of the standards of society as a whole.
the self is capable of both acting (as a subject) and then reflecting on its actions (as an object).
Mead
Role taking
the process of imaginatively putting yourself in another’s place and considering what they expect of you, or how they might respond to behaviors you’re thinking of enacting.
Mead
Looking glass self
Notion that our self is based on our interpretation of others’ appraisals of us.
Others are like a mirror in which we see ourselves reflected.
“I am what I think you think I am”.
Cooley
Socialization
the process through which individuals learn the behaviours required by their cultures.
how culture is transmitted through generations.
The Play Stage
- children start role-playing and taking on the role of significant people in their lives.
- unorganized character → children pass from playing one role to another in an inconsistent fashion.
- Mead
The Game Stage
- requires children to be able to assume the role of several others at the same time.
- we begin to understand that others have expectations and demands placed upon them.
- Mead
Generalized other
an abstract configuration of all the relevant roles and rules that we must take into account to function successfully in any social environment.
The me
rule-following aspects of the self that respond to social conventions.
The I
consists of those personal factors that enter into our communications with others.
Gender identity
a sense of self in terms of femininity or masculinity.
Symbolic entity
to provide the world with meaning and order.
Critical period theory of language acquisition
if language is not learned by puberty, normal language development will not occur.
Deviance
when behaviors seriously deviate from societal expectations.
Reference groups
- any social group used by an individual as a standard for evaluating his or her behaviour.
- one need not officially belong to a group to have it as a reference group.
Environment
encompasses both physical objects as well as our ideas about those objects.
Generation
A group of people who have experienced similar historical events at similar points in their lives.
