Unit 2

Question 1

Science

Answer 1

Science is the systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge of the natural world. Evidenced by description, prediction, and control. Relies on determinism as fundamental assumption, empiricism as prime directive, experimentation as basic strategy, replication as necessary requirement for believability, parsimony as its conservative value, and philosophic doubt as guiding conscience.

Question 2

Goal #1 of Science

Answer 2

Prediction and Control
Predict: Given X, what will be the value of Y.
Control: Manipulate value of X until we get desired value of Y

Question 3

Goal #2 of Science

Answer 3

The development of technology to benefit humanity

Question 4

Determinism

Answer 4

The universe is a lawful and orderly place. Behavior is lawful. Behavior is a function of genetics and environment

Question 5

Empiricism

Answer 5

Objective observation with thorough description and quantification of behavior. Various dimensions of behavior can be measured over time. Induction use to derive scientific facts.

Question 6

Repeated Measures

Answer 6

Data collected multiple times before environmental manipulation, and multiple times during any other phase of study

Question 7

Philosophical Doubt

Answer 7

Question the truthfulness of scientific fact

Question 8

Pragmatism

Answer 8

Assesses the truth of meaning of theories or beliefs in terms of the success of their practical application