unit 2 AOS 1

Question 1

person perception

Answer 1

refers to the different mental processes used to understand and form impressions of other people.

Question 2

first impressions

Answer 2

are formed based on physical appearance and non verbal cues

Question 3

atribution

Answer 3

an evaluation made about the causes of behaviour

Question 4

oberservation

Answer 4

a person sees someone running down a busy street

Question 5

aknowlegement of behaviour

Answer 5

a person actively decides the behaviour they observed was someone running down a busy street

Question 6

attribute causes to this observed behaviour

Answer 6

a person infers that the cause of the other person running down the busy street is ghat they are running late

Question 7

internal attributions

Answer 7

occur when we judge behaviour as being caused by something personal within the induvidual

Question 8

external attributions

Answer 8

occur when we determine the cause of a behvaiour as resulting from situational factors outside the induvidual

Question 9

fundamental attribution error

Answer 9

refers to our tendancy to explain other peoples behaviour in terms of internal factors while ignoring possible external factors.

Question 10

tricomponent model of attitudes

Answer 10

the relationship between the affective, behavioural and cognitive components of our attitudes.

Question 11

affective

Answer 11

i feel affected emotionally

Question 12

behavioural

Answer 12

i behave in accordance with the attitude

Question 13

cognitive

Answer 13

i congnitively consider the facts about the object of my attitude

Question 14

stereotype

Answer 14

a widely held belief and generalisation about a group such as people, animals or objects . They allow us to percieve others and make sense of the social world by applying simplified characteristics to all members of a group or category of people.

Question 15

prejudice

Answer 15

pre - judgement. often. negetive preconception held against people within a certain group or social category.

Question 16

discrimination

Answer 16

the unjust treatment of people due to their membership within a certain social category

Question 17

stigma

Answer 17

feeling of shame or disgrace experienced by an induvidual for a characteristic that differenciates them from others

Question 18

two types of stigma

Answer 18

• social stigma
• self stigma

Question 19

social stigma

Answer 19

characterised by negetive stereotypes as they define people and prevent them from being seen as an individual leading to widespread discrimination

Question 20

self stigma

Answer 20

the result of internalised negetive sterotypes and can lead to poor self efficiancy and low self esteem

Question 21

reducing prejudice, descrimination and stigma

Answer 21

• education
• intergroup contact
• laws
• social media

Question 22

in group

Answer 22

a group that an induvidual identifies to belongs with

Question 23

out group

Answer 23

a group that an individual does not belong to or identify with

Question 24

social loafing

Answer 24

an individuals reduction in effort when work is preformed in a group due to the belief that the others will put in the effort

Question 25

factors that promote social loafing

Answer 25

- the ease of the task - meaningfulness of the task

Question 26

factors that prevent social loafing

Answer 26

- clear indications of individual efforts within a group - group interaction

Question 27

social identity theory

Answer 27

the tendancy for people to favour their in group over an out group in order to enhance their self esteem

Question 28

induvidualist culture

Answer 28

a culture that prioritises the needs and goals of individuals and values independance

Question 29

collectivists culture

Answer 29

a culture that prioritises the needs and goals of groups

Question 30

factors affecting obedience

Answer 30

- status of authority figure - proximity - group pressure

Question 31

conformity

Answer 31

adjusting ones thoughts, feelings or behaviours to match those of others, a social group or a social situation

Question 32

factors affecting conformity

Answer 32

- social norms - group shift - groupthink - deindividuation

Question 33

self determination theory

Answer 33

autonomy relatedness competence

Question 34

autonomy

Answer 34

the need to be able to act authentically based on individual choice and authentic motivation

Question 35

relatedness

Answer 35

the need to feel a sense of attatchment, connection to and belonging with other people.

Question 36

anti conformity

Answer 36

referes to a deliberate refusal to comply with social norms or standards for thoughts feelings or behaviours

Question 37

factors affecting anti conformity

Answer 37

- desire to promote change - individuation - reactance - social support