UNIT 2 - BIRTH OF THE NOVEL Flashcards
(86 cards)
1
Q
The roots of the novel can be traced back to __________
A
ancient literary traditions
2
Q
author of Daphnis and Chloe
A
Longus
3
Q
author of Metamorphoses
A
Apuleius
4
Q
the romance genre played a crucial role in shaping the early novel
A
the medieval period
5
Q
author of Le Morte d’Arthur
A
Sir Thomas Malory
6
Q
central themes in medieval romances
A
courtly love
chivalric adventures
mythical quests
7
Q
marked a significant turning point in the development of the novel. The rise of literacy, the proliferation of printing presses, and the growing middle class created a fertile environment for the novel to flourish.
A
17th and 18th centuries
8
Q
published in 1605, is widely regarded as one of the first modern novels. This seminal work satirizes the chivalric romances of the medieval period, presenting a protagonist who is both comically delusional and tragically noble.
A
Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes
9
Q
are considered pioneering works in the novel form, characterized by their realistic depiction of characters and detailed exploration of individual experiences.
A
Robinson Crusoe and Moll Flanders by Daniel Defoe
10
Q
advanced the development of novel by focusing on the physiological depth and moral dilemmas of their protagonists
A
Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded and Clarissa by Samuel RIchardson
11
Q
exemplified picaresque novel, combining humor, social satire, and a sprawling spot
A
Tom Jones by Henry Fielding’s
12
Q
using letters to convey the thoughts and emotions of characters
A
epistolary style
13
Q
often referred to as the “Golden Age” of the novel. This period saw the emergence of some of the most celebrated novelists in literary history, whose works continue to be revered for their artistic and intellectual achievements.
A
19th century
14
Q
became the dominant mode of storytelling in the 19th century, with authors striving
to depict everyday life and society with accuracy and detail.
A
realism
15
Q
a series of interconnected novels,
painted a comprehensive picture of French society.
A
Honoré de Balzac’s “La Comédie Humaine”
16
Q
with his vivid characters and intricate plots, captured the social and economic conditions of Victorian England in novels such as Oliver Twist and Great Expectations
A
Charles Dickens
17
Q
another landmark work, renowned for its meticulous prose and unflinching portrayal of a woman’s doomed pursuit of romantic ideals.
A
Gustave Flaubert’s “Madame Bovary”
18
Q
While realism dominated much of 19th-century literature, ________________________also left a significant mark on the novel’s development.
A
romanticism and gothic novel
19
Q
quintessential examples of the romantic novel, blending gothic elements with deep psychological insight.
A
Charlotte Bronte’s “Jane Eyre”
Emily Bronte’s “Wuthering Heights”
20
Q
witnessed significant experimentation and innovation in the novel form.
A
20th Century
21
Q
revolutionized the novel with its stream-of-consciousness technique, intricate allusions, and exploration of the inner workings of the human mind.
A
James Joyce’s “Ulysses”
22
Q
similarly employed stream of consciousness to delve into the subjective experiences of their characters.
A
Mrs. Dalloway and To the Lighthouse by Virginia Woolfe
23
Q
further challenged traditional narrative conventions, embracing fragmentation, metafiction, and intertextuality.
A
Postmodernism
24
Q
a novel that has transcended time and space to become one of the most influential works in Western literature.
A
Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes
25
don quixote's two parts were published in
1605 and 1615
26
a complex character whose idealism and
madness drive the narrative. His unwavering belief in the principles of chivalry, despite the
evident absurdity of his actions, makes him both a tragic and heroic figure.
Don Quixote
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Don Quixote's faithful squire, provides a grounded counterpoint to his master's lofty ideals.
Sancho Panza
28
the lady to whom Don Quixote pledges his chivalric devotion. She represents an idealized love and serves as a motivating force behind many of his quests.
Dulcinea del Toboso
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Don Quixote's inability to distinguish between the two leads to much of the novel's humor and pathos. Cervantes explores how individuals construct their own realities and the consequences of these perceptions.
Reality vs Illusion
30
Don Quixote's actions, while misguided, are driven by noble intentions. Cervantes invites readers to consider what it means to be a hero and whether true heroism lies in the pursuit of one's ideals, regardless of success or failure.
The Nature of Heroism
31
By exaggerating the conventions of these tales, Cervantes exposes their absurdity and critiques the society that venerates such outdated ideals. The novel addresses issues of class, power, and the human condition with both humor and insight.
Satire and Social Critique
32
Cervantes employs a metatextual approach, presenting the story as a historical account based on a manuscript written by the fictional Moorish historian
Cide Hammete Benengeli
33
was a remarkable period in the history of literature, characterized by diverse literary movements and the emergence of some of the most influential writers of all time.
19th century
34
emerged in the late 18th century and reached its peak in the early 19th century. This literary movement emphasized emotion, individualism, and the sublime beauty of
nature.
romanticism
35
stands out as a pioneering work of Gothic fiction and early science fiction. Published in 1818, the novel explores themes of creation, ambition, and the consequences of defying natural order, all within the framework of a gripping and eerie narrative.
Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein"
36
As the century progressed, ______ emerged as a dominant literary movement, focusing on
the depiction of everyday life and society with a commitment to accuracy and detail.
Realism
37
also made significant contributions to Realist literature with works like "Middlemarch," which offers a profound exploration of rural society and human relationships.
George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)
38
became one of the most influential writers of the era, with novels such as "Great Expectations," "David Copperfield," and "Bleak House" addressing social injustice, poverty, and the triumphs and tribulations of the human spirit.
Charles Dickens
39
named after Queen Victoria, was a time of great social change and scientific advancement.
often grappled with the challenges and
anxieties of this rapidly evolving society, while also celebrating its progress and
achievements.
Victorian Era
40
offers a pioneering perspective on women's independence and the struggles against
societal constraints.
The Tenant of WIldfell Hall
41
with its dark and mysterious settings, supernatural elements, and exploration of human psychology, continued to flourish in the 19th century. This genre captivated readers with its tales of horror, romance, and the uncanny.
Gothic literature
42
an American writer, is renowned for his Gothic short stories and poems, such as "The Fall of the House of Usher" and "The Raven." His masterful use of atmosphere, symbolism, and macabre themes established him as a key figure in Gothic literature.
Edgar Allan Poe
43
remains one of the most iconic Gothic novels of all time.
Bram Stoker's "Dracula"
44
often referred to as the "father of science fiction," captivated readers with his adventure novels, such as "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea" and "Journey to the
Center of the Earth."
Jules Verne
45
The 19th century also witnessed the birth of _______________ as a distinct literary genre. This
period saw the exploration of futuristic concepts, technological advancements, and the ethical implications of scientific progress.
science fiction
46
another pioneering figure in science fiction, authored seminal works like "The Time Machine" and "The War of the Worlds." His novels often addressed societal issues and the potential consequences of scientific discoveries, making him a visionary writer of
his time.
H.G. Wells
47
a seminal work of Russian literature that delves deep into the complexities of human
psychology, morality, and the social environment of 19th-century St. Petersburg.
Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky in 1866
48
Raskolnikov's internal struggle with his conscience and the psychological aftermath of his crime highlight the profound impact of guilt on the human psyche.
guilt and redemption
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Raskolnikov's theory that some individuals possess the right to transgress moral laws for a perceived greater good is challenged throughout the story. Dostoevsky critiques this notion by illustrating the destructive consequences of such beliefs and emphasizing the importance of compassion
and empathy in human interactions.
morality and justice
50
His detachment from society, family, and friends mirrors his internal disconnection from his own emotions and moral compass. (Crime and Punishment)
alienation and isolation
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highlighting the stark contrasts between wealth and poverty. The characters' lives are deeply influenced by their financial circumstances, and the novel sheds light on the desperation and moral compromises that arise from such conditions.
socioeconomic struggles
52
a complex and multifaceted character. His intellectual arrogance and belief
in his own exceptionalism drive him to commit the crime, yet his inherent sense of morality and compassion ultimately lead him to seek redemption. His journey from pride and rationalization to humility and repentance is the cornerstone of the novel.
Rodion ROmanovich Raskolnikov
53
represents the embodiment of self-sacrifice, compassion, and faith. Despite her own
suffering, she remains steadfast in her moral convictions and serves as a beacon of hope
and redemption for Raskolnikov.
Sonia Marmeladov
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serves as both an antagonist and a catalyst for Raskolnikov's eventual confession. His psychological acumen and understanding of human nature enable him to see through Raskolnikov's facade,
Porfiry Petrovich
55
The 20th century witnessed the emergence of two significant literary movements
modernism and postcolonialism
56
emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by a deliberate break from traditional forms and a quest for new ways of expression
emerged as a response to the rapid changes and upheavals of the early 20th century. The devastation of World War I, the disillusionment with traditional societal
structures, and the advancements in technology and science all contributed to a sense of fragmentation and uncertainty.
modernist literature
57
gained prominence in the mid-20th century, focusing on the experiences and voices of formerly colonized peoples
postcolonial literature
58
This narrative technique, popularized by writers such as James Joyce and Virginia Woolf, seeks to depict the inner workings of a character's mind in a continuous flow of thoughts, feelings, and sensations.
Stream of Consciousness
59
Modernist works often employ fragmented structures, nonlinear timelines, and disjointed narratives to reflect the chaotic nature of contemporary life.
Fragmentation
60
Modernist texts frequently embrace _____________________, challenging readers to interpret and piece together meaning.
Ambiguity and Multiple Perspectives
61
Modernist literature often delves into the complexities of individual consciousness and identity, exploring themes of isolation, existential angst, and the search for meaning.
Focus on the Individual
62
Postcolonial texts frequently explore the complexities of hybrid identities, shaped by the interplay of indigenous and colonial cultures.
hybrid and identity
63
Postcolonial literature often centers on themes of ______ against colonial oppression and the ________ of cultural and historical narratives.
Resistance and Reclamation
64
Postcolonial writers critically examine the role of language in colonial domination and often incorporate indigenous languages and dialects into their works.
language and power
65
Themes of _____, migration, and the experience of _____ are central to many postcolonial texts, reflecting the widespread
dislocation caused by colonialism
displacement and diaspora
66
stands as one of the most important works in modern literature. this novel intricately
weaves the tale of the Buendía family over several generations in the fictional town of
Macondo, Colombia.
One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel Garcia Marquez
67
The novel employs a _______________, jumping across different timelines to recount the lives of the Buendía family.
Non-linear Storytelling
68
One Hundred Years of Solitude is celebrated for its use of magical realism, a style that
combines realistic narrative with surreal elements. Márquez artfully incorporates
extraordinary events into the mundane lives of his characters, making the supernatural an
accepted part of their reality.
blurring reality and fantasy
69
a central theme throughout the novel. Each member of the Buendía family experiences isolation in various forms—emotional, physical, or existential.
This pervasive solitude is often self-imposed, a consequence of their actions or a
manifestation of their inner turmoil. The cyclical pattern of solitude reflects the inevitability of fate and the inescapable nature of human suffering.
solitude
70
Márquez intricately blends___________to craft the narrative of Macondo. The novel can be read as an allegory of Latin American history, with elements of myth reflecting the region's cultural heritage and historical realities.
myth and history
71
serve as potent symbols in the novel.
From its idyllic beginnings to its ultimate demise, Macondo's evolution parallels the fortunes of the Buendía family. The town’s transformation from a utopian settlement to a place of desolation symbolizes the transient nature of human endeavors and the inevitable decline that follows unchecked ambition and moral decay.
transformation and decay
72
a visionary whose dreams
and obsessions drive the early prosperity of Macondo. His relentless pursuit of knowledge
and innovation, however, ultimately leads to his descent into madness, reflecting the
dangers of unchecked ambition and the isolating effects of intellectual obsession.
Jose Arcadio Buendia
73
matriarch of the Buendía family
embodies resilience, practicality, and
moral fortitude. Her character serves as the stabilizing force within the family, guiding them through generations of turmoil.
Úrsula Iguarán
74
marked by unfulfilled love, jealousy, and bitterness, leading her to a solitary existence.
Amataranta
75
ethereal beauty and innocence set her
apart from the worldly concerns of others, culminating in her mystical ascension to heaven.
Remedios the Beauty
76
a fundamental literary technique employed by Márquez in the novel. This genre blends the magical and the mundane, presenting fantastical events as part of everyday life. The town of Macondo, where the story unfolds, is a place where the extraordinary is commonplace.
magical realism
77
Márquez uses magical realism to imbue the novel with rich ____________
symbolism and allegory
78
One Hundred Years of Solitude is a celebration of Latin American _____________, drawing on the region’s rich traditions, folklore, and mythology.
cultural identity
79
Márquez’s prose is imbued with the rhythms and cadences of spoken language, creating a sense of immediacy and intimacy.
language and oral tradition
80
Márquez incorporates elements of __________________ into the narrative, enriching the novel’s cultural tapestry.
myth and folklore
81
The novel is widely regarded as one of the most important African literary works of the 20th century, offering a deep and nuanced portrayal of pre-colonial African society and the devastating impact of European colonialism.
Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe
82
protagonist of Things Fall Apart
Okwonko
83
In Umuofia, social status and respect are earned through personal achievements and
contributions to the community. Okonkwo, the protagonist, is a prime example of this merit based society.
social structure and leadership
84
plays a pivotal role in the lives of the Igbo people, shaping their worldview and
guiding their actions. The villagers worship a pantheon of deities and ancestral spirits,
seeking their favor through sacrifices and ceremonies
religion
85
One of Okonkwo's defining traits is his deep-seated ____________ and weakness, which
stems from his disdain for his father, Unoka.
fear of failure
86
As European missionaries and colonial administrators arrive in Umuofia, the fabric of Igbo society begins to unravel. Okonkwo's struggle to maintain his cultural identity and resist the encroaching foreign influences highlights the broader theme of change and resistance.
conflict and change
