Unit 2 - Body Systems

Question 1

What is the function of osteoblasts in the body.

Answer 1

They provide structure and support

Question 2

How is homeostasis achieved?

Answer 2

Cells maintain internal stability.

Question 3

How are muscle cells and bone cells similar?

Answer 3

Both make it possible for you to respond to your environment by moving.

Question 4

Which of the following is one characteristic of all living things?

A. Using nerve cells to maintain temperature

B. Sending cells to deliver messages in the body

C. Maintaining homeostasis

D. Moving from place to place

Answer 4

C. Maintaining homeostasis

Question 5

What is the function of an organ system?

Answer 5

To work together to do a specific job

Question 6

Which option is a main type of muscle tissue?

A. Spongy bone

B. Skin

C. Blood vessels

D. Cardiac

Answer 6

D. Cardiac

Question 7

Which list is an organ system?

A. The heart, arteries, and veins

B. The liver, blood, and skin

C. The heart, the stomach, and intestines

D. The liver, the bladder, and the heart

Answer 7

A. The heart, arteries, and veins

Question 8

Which is most complex?

A. Organ system

B. Tissues

C. Organs

D. Cells

Answer 8

A. Organ system

Question 9

What function do the alveoli perform?

Answer 9

The alveoli exchange oxygen in the air for carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 10

Which organ of the respiratory system is located inside the lungs?

Answer 10

Bronchioles

Question 11

A patient has low blood oxygen levels, although the patient’s blood is circulating properly. Which is most likely functioning improperly?

A. The capillaries

B. The pulmonary vein

C. The aorta

D. The alveoli

Answer 11

D. The alveoli

Question 12

What is the function of the vena cava?

Answer 12

It carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart

Question 13

Which organ in the excretory system filters blood?

Answer 13

Kidney

Question 14

What is amylase?

Answer 14

An enzyme that breaks down food

Question 15

What is urea?

Answer 15

The waste removed by the kidney

Question 16

Which organ in the digestive system has a function that is most similar the function of the bladder in the excretory system?

Answer 16

Large intestine

Question 17

What is a dendrite?

Answer 17

It is the part of a neuron that carries information to the cell body

Question 18

What is the term for changes in the internal or external environment that cause a response?

Answer 18

Stimuli

Question 19

How do signals from sensory neurons reach motor neurons?

Answer 19

Through interneurons in the brain and spinal cord that connect sensory neurons and motor neurons

Question 20

What part of the nervous system is completely protected by bone?

Answer 20

Central nervous system

Question 21

You see a mosquito land on your hand and swat at it. A signal passes through many parts of different neurons to make this happen. Which component of the nervous system is the last to be involved in this process?

A. Dendrites in sensory neurons

B. Dendrites in motor neurons

C. Axons in sensory neurons

D. Axons in motor neurons

Answer 21

D. Axons in motor neurons

Question 22

Which sensory receptors are involved in hearing?

A. Photoreceptors

B. Mechanoreceptors

C. Chemoreceptors

D. Thermoreceptors

Answer 22

B. Mechanoreceptors

Question 23

The eye is an organ of which major body system?

A. Integumentary

B. Nervous

C. Skeletal

D. Muscular

Answer 23

B. Nervous

Question 24

Which statement best describes the purpose of the eye?

A. The eye lets in varying amounts of light

B. The eye receives and processes visual signals

C. The eye sends images to the brain

D. The eye takes in and responds to stimuli

Answer 24

B. The eye sends images to the brain

Question 25

What is the purpose of photoreceptors?

Answer 25

They change light to electrical signals

Question 26

What organizational level is the eye?

Answer 26

Organ

Question 27

Many parts of the eye work to focus or control light except the __________

Answer 27

Many parts of the eye work to focus or control light except the retina

Question 28

How does the human body prevent internal energy levels from becoming too low?

Answer 28

The digestive system transmits feelings of hunger to the brain, which initiates eating.

Question 29

How does a marine iguana maintain homeostasis despite ingesting large amounts of salt with its food? A. Marine iguanas throw up large amounts of salt B. Marine iguanas sweat a lot to get rid of the extra salt C. Marine iguanas sneeze excess salt out of their bodies. D. Marine iguanas pass large amounts of salt through their urine

Answer 29

C. Marine iguanas sneeze excess salt out of their bodies.

Question 30

How does the body react to cold temperatures?

Answer 30

Your body shivers to help it maintain homeostasis

Question 31

Which statement describes homeostasis? A. It is how an organism reacts to external factors B. It is a process of maintaining an external state of balance for an organism C. It is how an organism reacts to internal factors D. It is how an organism reacts to internal factors

Answer 31

D. It is how an organism reacts to internal factors

Question 32

What type of specialized cells send and receive messages in the brain?

Answer 32

Neurons

Question 33

Lungs expel waste from the body in the form of __________

Answer 33

Lungs expel waste from the body in the form of carbon dioxide

Question 34

Which option is single celled? A. An artery B. A kidney C. A human D. A bacterium

Answer 34

D. A bacterium

Question 35

Which vessel carries oxygenated blood to the heart? A. Pulmonary vein B. Vena cava C. Aorta D. Pulmonary artery

Answer 35

A. Pulmonary vein

Question 36

A patient has a condition that makes it difficult to absorb nutrients from food. Which organ is most likely affected by the condition?

Answer 36

Small intestine

Question 37

When you experience changes in light, sound, and temperature, which cells send signals toward the central nervous system?

Answer 37

Sensory neurons

Question 38

Which component can only be found in the peripheral nervous system? A. Dendrites B. Spinal cord C. Sensory neurons D. Axons

Answer 38

C. Sensory neurons

Question 39

Which sensory receptors would allow you to tell the difference between sweet and sour?

Answer 39

Chemoreceptors

Question 40

A patient is unable to tell the difference between red and green. Which receptors are probably not functioning properly in the patient?

Answer 40

Cones

Question 41

Most of the inside of the eye is known as the vitreous body. It is made primarily of vitrosin, a form of collagen. Collagen helps make up tendons, skin, and ligaments. This implies that, by volume, the eye is mostly made of what type of tissue?

Answer 41

Connective tissue

Question 42

Which body system is responsible for sending signals that your body is not in homeostasis?

Answer 42

The nervous system

Question 43

Which statement correctly describes how we maintain homeostasis when we are tired? A. Our muscles send us a signal to stop moving B. Our nervous system stops moving muscles C. Our nervous system sends us a signal to rest. D. Our muscles weaken and move slowly.

Answer 43

C. Our nervous system sends us a signal to rest.