Unit 2:Chemistry level of organization

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 2

Element

Answer 2

pure substance that can’t be broken down into smaller pieces by ordinary chemical means.

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

the center

Question 4

Protons

Answer 4

positive

Question 5

Neutrons

Answer 5

no charge

Question 6

Electrons

Answer 6

negative charge

Question 7

What are in the nucleus

Answer 7

protons and neutrons

Question 8

What’s outside the nucleus

Answer 8

electrons

Question 9

An element is determined by what?

Answer 9

its atomic number which is the number or protons it has in the nucleus.

Question 10

What can change the number of protons?

Answer 10

nuclear reactions,

Question 11

Atomic mass

Answer 11

number of protons and the number of neutrons. This is how much the atom weighs.

Question 12

Atoms containing extra neutrons are

Answer 12

heavy and unstable radioactive isotopes

Question 13

Isotope

Answer 13

One of the variations of an element in which the number of neutrons differ from each other. When an atom gains or loses a neutron it becomes an isotope because it is no longer stable.

Question 14

Standard isotope is

Answer 14

carbon 12. carbon 12 has 6 protons and 6 neutrons making the mass number 12.

Question 15

Isotopes are

Answer 15

radioactive (nucleus readily decays, giving off subatomic particles and electromagnet energy)

Question 16

Electrons weight is

Answer 16

so small its negligible

Question 17

Electrons can

Answer 17

donate/share/ accept to from a chemical bond

Question 18

A stable atom will have

Answer 18

same number of protons and electrons. this is electronically neutral.

Question 19

What creates an ion

Answer 19

having more or less electrons which creates electrical charge and ions.

Question 20

Ion

Answer 20

atom with an overall positive or negative charge

Question 21

An ion is a

Answer 21

charged atom

Question 22

Stable atom

Answer 22

same number of protons and electrons

Question 23

Isotopes can gain a ___ but not a ____

Answer 23

neutron, proton

Question 24

Radioactive carbon

Answer 24

When there is more neutrons than protons. 6P 8N=C14

Question 25

Octet rule

Answer 25

first shell must be filled of electrons before any can move to the second shell and so on.

Question 26

How many electrons go in the first shell

Answer 26

2

Question 27

How many go in the second shell and so on

Answer 27

8

Question 28

Valence ring

Answer 28

outer most shell with at least one electron. IF valence is full its stable, if not its looking for bonds.

Question 29

If a valence is half full youre likely to

Answer 29

donate electrons

Question 30

if a valence is greater than half full youre likely to

Answer 30

accept electrons

Question 31

if its exactly half full your likely to

Answer 31

share electrons

Question 32

Bond

Answer 32

weak or strong electrical attraction that holds atoms in the same vicinity

Question 33

Molecule

Answer 33

Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. H2

Question 34

Compound

Answer 34

two or more atoms of different elements its a chemical compound. H2O is a compound.

Question 35

Donating or accepting electrons is

Answer 35

ionic bond

Question 36

Ionic bonds create

Answer 36

salt

Question 37

covalent bonds create

Answer 37

molecules by sharing electrons in a stable relationship

Question 38

Example of a chemical compound

Answer 38

H2O

Question 39

Little number by the element that tells us how many atoms are in that element?

Answer 39

subscript, the 2 in H2O is a subscript

Question 40

In an ionic bond, the one donating is the

Answer 40

metal, the metal donates one or more electron to non metal creating salt

Question 41

Losing a negative becomes what

Answer 41

positive

Question 42

metal becomes what if lost negative and the non metal becomes what

Answer 42

metal = positive and non metal = negative

Question 43

Covalent bond

Answer 43

occurs when we share one of more electrons creating molecules. It's the strongest bond.

Question 44

Which is marriage and which is sugar daddy example of ionic bond and covalent bond

Answer 44

Covalent is marriage and ionic is sugar daddy where one receives and one gains.

Question 45

Cation

Answer 45

positive ion

Question 46

Anion

Answer 46

Negative

Question 47

If you lose electrons what occurs

Answer 47

becomes a cation

Question 48

if you gain electrons what occurs

Answer 48

becomes anion

Question 49

Polar

Answer 49

unequally sharing electrons, someone is hogging electrons. Contains regions that have opposite electrical charges

Question 50

Non polar

Answer 50

sharing equally

Question 51

Hydrogen bond

Answer 51

Hydrogen bonds always include hydrogen that is already part of a polar molecule.

Question 52

If hydrogen shares electrons but oxygen hogs electrons (H20) what is this an example of

Answer 52

polar

Question 53

Polar molecules are

Answer 53

terminate poles of electrical charge

Question 54

Van der waais force

Answer 54

occurs when 2 or more polar molecules are near each other. the positive side of the polar molecule will be attracted to the negative side of the polar molecule. creates hydrogen bonds

Question 55

Weakest of all the bonds

Answer 55

hydrogen

Question 56

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 56

help blood flow and carry nutrients, 3D structure of proteins, weak bonds that hold DNA together.

Question 57

T/F Water is polar

Answer 57

TRUE

Question 58

T/F Water forms hydrogen bonds

Answer 58

TRUE

Question 59

T/F hydrogen bonding relates to the states of water

Answer 59

TRUE

Question 60

T/F Salts have negative charge only

Answer 60

FALSE, Salts have positive and negative

Question 61

T/F A charge = molecules

Answer 61

FALSE NO CHARGE=Molecules

Question 62

What is the order of abundance that makes up 95% of the body

Answer 62

oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen (Oh come home now)