Unit 2 Exam Flashcards
LEARN IT (50 cards)
What is an addend?
The individual numbers being added together in an addition problem.
A + B = C: A and B are both addends.
What is a minuend?
The number in a subtraction sentence from which we are subtracting.
A – B = C: A is the minuend.
What is a subtrahend?
The number in a subtraction sentence that is being subtracted.
A – B = C: B is the subtrahend.
What is a sum?
The answer to an addition problem.
A + B = C: C is the sum.
What is a difference?
The answer to a subtraction problem.
A – B = C: C is the difference.
What are strategies in computation?
Approaches that we use to compute quickly and easily, often used when computing mentally.
What is the Commutative Property?
A property which states that the sum of two or more addends does not change when they are added in a different order.
Ex. A + B = B + A
What is the Associative Property?
A property which states that the sum of several addends does not change when the addends are grouped differently.
Ex: (A+B)+C = A+(B+C)
What is the Distributive Property?
The distributive property of multiplication says that a factor can be multiplied by the sum or difference of two terms.
Ex: A(B + C) = AB + AC or A(B - C) = AB - AC
What is decomposition in math?
Taking apart and/or rearranging the numbers in a problem to make it easier to solve.
Ex: 27 + 13 = 27 + 3 + 10 = 30 + 10 = 40
What is compensation in math?
A strategy that refers to adding a number to one and subtracting it from the other later on to ensure that the balance remains the same.
Ex: 98 + 17, we could use 100 + 17 = 117, then subtract the two extras that we added in. We get 117-2=115.
What is the make-a-ten strategy?
A mental math strategy that involves decomposing a number to then add a part of it to make the number 10.
Ex: 7 + 23 = 7 + (3 + 20) = (7+3)+20 = 10 + 20 = 30
What are friendly numbers?
Numbers that are easy to work with, generally end in zero.
Ex: 27 + 9 = 30; we would have to add 3. Then we must add 6 more. 30 + 6 = 36.
What is an algorithm?
A step-by-step method or procedure used for carrying out a calculation.
What are join and separate problems?
Types of story problems that involve an action or change in the scenario.
What are part-part-whole problems?
Types of story problems that do not involve an action or change in the scenario.
What are add to problems?
Addition problems that involve an action or change in the scenario.
What are take from problems?
Subtraction problems that involve an action or change in the scenario.
What are put together problems?
Addition problems that do not involve an action or change in the scenario.
What are take apart problems?
Subtraction problems that do not involve an action or change in the scenario.
What is a fraction?
The amount formed by A parts or copies of parts, each of which is 1/B of the whole.
What is a unit fraction?
The quantity 1/b formed by 1 part when a whole is partitioned into b equal parts.
Equivalent Fractions: model and explain; same distance from zero; what is the whole
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Comparing Fractions: benchmark, common numerators, missing piece, common denominator
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