Unit 2 Flashcards
(41 cards)
Government
The system to govern a community, enforced by a set of rules.
Four main types of government:
Autocracy, Democracy, Theocracy, and Anarchy
Democracy
A form of government where the people hold the power
Two main types of democracies:
Representative and Direct
Examples: Norway, Sweden, Iceland
Direct Democracy
A type of democracy where the people directly vote on laws and decisions
Two Main Types:
Participatory and Deliberative Direct Democracy
Example: Athens, Greece
Representative Democracy
A type of democracy where citizens elect representatives to vote and pass laws.
Two main types:
Liberal and Illiberal Representative Democracy
Example: United States of America
Oligarchy
A form of government where a few people rule and make decisions
Three main types: Minority, Putative, and Intellectual Oligarchies
Examples: China, Saudi Arabia, Iran
Autocracy
A government in which one person rules and makes decisions
Two main types: Dictatorship and Monarchy
Example: Nazi Germany
Monarchy
Type of Autocracy where one person rules with complete sovereignty
Usually inherited through generations
Types of Monarchies:
Constitutional, Absolute, Federal, and Mixed Monarchies
Example: United Kingdom
Dictatorship
A type of Autocracy where one person rules and controls all aspects of the country
Three main types of Dictatorships:
Military, One-Party, and Personalist Dictatorships
Example: North Korea
Anarchy
Form of government where there is no governing body and people are left to fend for themselves
Three main types of anarchy:
Anarcha-Feminism, Green Anarchism, and Post-Anarchism
Example: France after the French Revolution
Theocracy
Type of government where laws and decisions are in the name of a religious or spiritual entity.
Can be other types of governments
Three main types:
Hierocracy, Royal or General Theocracies
Example: Saudi Arabia
Tribe
A community held together by beliefs or location
Four main types of tribes:
Hunter-gatherer, Tribal, Chiefdom, or Sovereign
Examples: Cherokee, Choctaw, Creek
Matriarchal
Definition: Led by women
Examples: Mosuo Tribe, Bribri Tribe, Umoja Tribe
Patriarchal
Definition: Led by men
Most communities are majority men
Examples: United States, Iran, Saudi Arabia
BC
Means “Before Christ”
Refers to any time before Christ’s birth
Example: 134 BC
BCE
Means “Before Common Era”
Refers to any time before AD 1
Was created because people didn’t like how religious BC was
Example: 482 BCE
AD
Means “Anno Domini” which means “in the year of the Lord”
Refers to any time after the birth of Jesus Christ
Example: AD 200
CE
Means “Common Era”
Was created because people didn’t like the religious “AD”
Refers to any time after BCE 1
Example: 652 CE
Buddhism
A religion spread during the golden age of China
Worships Buddha
Centralizes on accepting suffering and meditating
Confucianism
A religion based in the teachings of Confucius
Focuses on respecting elders and being kind
Period of Disunion
Time when there was no government and there was no unified country.
This gave happened when no dynasty came to the throne.
Sui dynasty
Dynasty in China
Had big advances in art, education, and literature.
Hierarchy
A system used to classify individuals and give them different rights.
- Monarchy
- Nobles
- Vassals
- Knights
- Peasants
- Serfs
- Slaves
Feudalism
A government where one leader would give out “fiefs” or land to different social classes for a price. Nobles gave taxes and protection to the monarch. Knights gave protection to the nobles for land, and peasants gave food and labor to the knights for protection.
Two main types:
Free and Unfree
Ex: Feudal Europe
Middle Ages
A time with minimal technological advancement and a Feudal government system.
Also known as the “Dark Ages”
The black plague was spread throughout Europe at this time and killed about a third of the population.
