Unit 2: Gases Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is pressure?
Force exerted on an area
What are the three main units of pressure?
- Pascals (1000 pascals = kilopascals)
- atmospheres
- milimetres of mercury
What is SATP?
Standard ambient temperature and pressure (room temp)
What is STP?
Standard temperature and pressure which is 0 degrees celsius/ 275.15K and 1 atm
What is atmospheric pressure?
Force exerted by the mass of air above a certain point
What happens to the pressure relating to elevation?
As elevation increases, there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that pressure decreases with increasing elevation
What is the Kelvin Scale?
- also called absolute temp scale
- absolute zero/ 0K = -273 degrees celsius
- lowest possible temp (at which all particle motion stops)
What are the equations to convert from K to degrees celsius?
K = C + 273
C = K - 273
What is Boyle’s law?
As the pressure on gas increases, the volume decreases proportionally
What is Charles’ Law?
As the temperature of a gas increases, the volume of gas will increase proportionally when pressure and the amount of gas is kept constant.
What must be kept for Charles’ Law to work?
- pressure must remain constant
- the container cannot be rigid
What is the Combined Gas Law?
Accounts for pressure, temperature, and volume
What is Avagadro’s Law?
As the number of particles increase,s volume also increases.
What is Dalton’s law?
The total pressure is the sum of all partial pressures.
What is Gay Lussac’s Law?
At a constant volume, the pressure of gas increases with increasing temperature
What is the law of combining volumes?
When measured at the same T and P, volumes of gaseous reactants and products of a chemical reaction are always in simplest ratios of whole numbers
What is molar volume?
Volume that one mole of gas occupies at a specified T and P
What is an ideal gas?
A hypothetical gas that obeys all gas laws (always a gas no matter the temperature or pressure)
When do real gases act like ideal gases?
- pressure is low
- temperature is high
- like STP or SATP
What is the difference of real and ideal gases caused by?
Intermolecular forces (ideal gases do not have I.M. forces)
What is Avagadro’s theory?
under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of different gases contain the same number of molecules.
