UNIT 2 Lesson 1: 16th Century Filipinos

Question 1

The so-called Age of Exploration and Discovery which commenced between the ____
and ____ centuries is considered by most historians as the turning point in the development of
Philippine history

Answer 1

15th ; 16th

Question 2

The Portuguese explorer that arrived in the Philippines (Cebu) in 1521

Answer 2

Ferdinand Magellan

Question 3

Why did Magellan lead an expedition?

Answer 3

An attempt to find a route to the Spice Islands (Moluccas) and secure a trade route for Spain

Question 4

Magellan’s expedition was funded by who?

Answer 4

King Charles I of Spain; Magellan repeatedly tried to convince Portuguese King Manuel to fund his voyage but was continually denied.

Question 5

What were some of the other motivations for Magellan’s expedition other than locating the Spice Islands?

Answer 5

3 G’s:
God
Gold
Glory

Question 6

The Spanish Conquistador who led the expedition in 1564 that started the 333-year rule of the Spaniards in the Philippines

Answer 6

Miguel Lopez De Legazpi

Question 7

The Italian scholar who was the chronicler of the Magellan Expedition. His writings were the main source of the knowledge we have of the expedition

Answer 7

Antonio Pigafetta

Question 8

The chief of Mactan who refused to accept the Spaniards; whose warriors killed Magellan and his men

Answer 8

Lapu-Lapu

Question 9

The successor of Magellan as the leader of
the expedition

Answer 9

Duarte Barbossa

Question 10

Rajah _________ connived with Enrique, the slave of
Magellan who was abused by Duarte Barbossa, to kill the remaining Spaniards and succeeded

Answer 10

Rajah Humabon

Question 11

The Franciscan friar from Spain who was the author of the “Customs of the Tagalogs”. He is among the first batch of missionaries who came to the Philippines in 1578

Answer 11

Juan de Plasencia. He
was tasked by the king of Spain to account his observations of the natives so that the colonizers would have a basis in effectively dealing with the former.

Question 12

The Tagalogs were ruled by their chiefs called ______

Answer 12

Dato(s)/ Datu

Question 13

What is the difference between the “Aliping Namamahay” and “Aliping Guiguillir/Guiguilid”?

Answer 13

Aliping Namamahay were the slaves who had their own homes but had to serve their masters. Aliping Guiguillir/Guiguilid were captives of war who lived with their masters and tended to the fields; they could also be sold and traded.

Question 14

Nobles who were required to accompany the
dato especially in times of war. They were not
required to pay taxes or tributes

Answer 14

Maharlica(s)

Question 15

The Tagalog deity who was all powerful and the maker of all things

Answer 15

Badhala (Bathala)

Question 16

The traditional Tagalog officiating priests (pre-Christianity/colonization)

Answer 16

Catolonan

Question 17

The afterlife/paradise where the valiant and those who possessed moral virtues would go to after death

Answer 17

Maca

Question 18

The opposite of Maca, a place of punishment, grief, and affliction

Answer 18

Casamaan

Question 19

Physical appearance of Filipinos

Answer 19

• Upper body are naked but painted
• The lower body was covered with cloth out of tree bark
• Datu would wear a cotton cloth embroidered with silk
• Earrings out of gold
• Queen would wear a crown out of palm leaves
• Men hung daggers on their side

Question 20

A sign of friendship

Answer 20

Sanduguan (Blood pact)

Question 21

Describe the natives’ way of living (Dining)

Answer 21

• Food was half cooked and very salty
• Meals lasted for 5-6 hours
• Chewed Areca fruit
• Had a ceremony in sacrificing swine

Question 22

Boat or canoe without outriggers out of tree trunks

Answer 22

Banca (vanca)/ baroto (baloto)/ boloto (balangay)

Question 23

Magellan started his expedition in what year?

Answer 23

1519

Question 24

Magellan was able to discover a passage in 1520 which connects two great bodies of water, the Atlantic and the newly discovered Pacific Ocean. This passage was named as the ____________

Answer 24

Strait of Magellan

Question 25

Magellan's boats replenished their stocks in Guam in March 1521. They initially named the island as "Island of ____" but later changed it to ________ when natives stole from their boat

Answer 25

Island of Sails ; Isla de Ladrones (Ladrones translating to thief)

Question 26

When did Magellan arrive at the Philippines?

Answer 26

March 16, 1521

Question 27

Where did Magellan first arrive in the Philippines?

Answer 27

Zamal (Samar)

Question 28

Why did Magellan name the island he arrived at as "Samar"?

Answer 28

Their arrival coincided with the day of the Feast of St. Lazarus

Question 29

On March 31, 1521, this priest held a mass in Butuan . The crew later installed a cross on the mountains, signifying the conquest of the land.

Answer 29

Fr. Pedro de Valderrama

Question 30

On April 14, 1521, a mass was officiated in Cebu and a cross was once again erected as a sign of conquest of the land. Which Datu did Magellan meet here who was baptised along with the other natives?

Answer 30

Rajah Humabon (christened as Fernando)

Question 31

The only remaining ship of the Magellan expedition that arrived back at Spain

Answer 31

The Victoria

Question 32

When did the Victoria return to Spain?

Answer 32

September 6 1522, after 2 years, 11 months and 16 days. Out of the 270 original crew members of the expedition, only eighteen, along with four Indians survived the journey.