Unit 2 Notes Flashcards
(126 cards)
PA Period Definition
The period of time immediately preceding induction (up to 24 hrs prior), in which you prepare yourself and the patient for the anesthetic procedure. Most important. Of anesthesia must look for potential complications
Procedures to be done during the pre-anesthetic period
Assess patient, collect patient data, fast patient, give PA drugs, ET tube supplies ready, fill out anesthesia form, draw up induction agents, evaluate all equipment to be used.
Steps to Evaluating anesthetic machine
Hook up breathing system, check O2 level and pressure gauge, check anesthetic gas levels, check O2 absorbing granules, pressure check for leaks
Reasons for placing IV catheters
- Should always be placed for any procedure, no matter how small! Allows forward administration of surgical fluids, rapid and easy administration of emergency drugs, administration of anesthetics that are irritating if given perivascular
Risks involved with placing an IV catheter
Introduction of the air into the bloodstream, developing broken catheter tips, accidental overhydration, catheter induced sepsis, giving drugs to rapidly
Supplies needed for placing an IV catheter
IV catheter, heparinized saline flush, tape, surgical clippers, surgical scrub, T-port
Choosing an IV catheter
Cats and small dogs 22 gauge average dog 20 gauge
large dog 18 gauge
giant breeds 18 to 16 gauge
*all breeds 1 inch length
How to tape a catheter in place
- Half inch tape first with sticky side up under catheter. 2. Then take 1 inch tape with notch, place sticky side down under catheter 3. then take 1 inch tape placed proximal to the Catheter with half on tape half on skin 4. Place last piece of 1 inch tape distal to the catheter to create sterile surface
What size surgical clippers would you use
40 blade
Standard surgical fluid rate
10mls/kg/hr
Hypotensive fluid rate
20mls/kg/hr
*5mls/kg/15min allow for increased monitoring
Crystalloid fluids
Replace fluid portion of blood only. Can cause hemodilution, should not use with hypotensive fluid rate.
Ex: LRS, Normosol, 0.9% NaCL
Colloid fluids
$$$- Replace cells and blood.
Ex: Whole blood, hetastarch, and Oxyglobin.
7 Steps to IV catheter placement
- Get all supplies ready
- clip area with 40 Blade
- scrub area
- place IV catheter
- tape in place
- attached T-port
- flush catheter
Placing the IV catheter
- Take cap off, place in T port tray to keep sterile 2. break seal 3. hold on top of catheter only using thumb and middle finger 4. drop catheter to patients arm, as flat as possible 5. Poke skin should see flash of blood using ring finger to put pressure on back of catheter to flatten out 6. advance into vain 7. flick catheter off of stylet 8. cap Catheter
Most common ET tube
Murphy Eye. Has inflatable cuff on distal end, the eye at the end of the tube allows air to enter if blocked.
Coal ET tube
Two different diameters of tubing within the same two. Original style, not commonly used anymore
Ways of running a successful anesthesia protocol
Know your drugs, have a basic understanding of physiological function, be able to monitor patient successfully, know the equipment you’re using.
Presurgery bloodwork
PCV and TP
chemistry- evaluates liver (ALT/Alk Phos) and kidney (BUN/Creat) function
Protocol if poor liver and kidney function
Use gas anesthetic only
Do not run anesthesia PCV and TP values are less then
PCV- < 20%
TP- < 3.5 g/dl
Class one anesthetic risk
Excellent anesthetic risk. Completely healthy patient, six months to six years of age, elective surgery only
Class two anesthetic risk
Good anesthetic risk. Brachycephalic breeds and sight hounds, neonates and geriatrics, simple fractures and patients with mild systemic disease (Slight dehydration, murmurs and compensated heart disease)
Class three anesthetic risk
Fair anesthetic risk. Moderates a systemic disease, but not showing clinical signs (Pulse deficits moderate anemia, anorexia, chronic heart disease, chronic renal disease, compound fractures and shock, extremely fearful patients)