Unit 2: Part 1F: Parts in the Cerebral Cortex

Question 1

Cerebral Cortex

Answer 1

makes us humans; wrinkly surface of the brain; covers the lower levels; 20-23 billion neurons; 300 trillion synaptic conncetions

Question 2

Glial Cells

Answer 2

protect and hold together

Question 3

Corpus Callosum

Answer 3

connects the two hemispheres

Question 4

Frontal Lobe

Answer 4

executive functioning; most advanced cognitive abilities (reasoning, planning, judgement)

Question 5

Prefrontal Cortex

Answer 5

associated with the frontal lobe; assists in judgement, planning, and processing new memories

Question 6

Parietal Lobe

Answer 6

concerned with stimuli; related to touch, taste, pressure, temperature, and pain; visual layout of your body/body position; mapping out visual world; includes the somatosensory cortex

Question 7

Occipital Lobe

Answer 7

rear of the brain; visual processing; Visual Cortex (eyes in the back of your head)

Question 8

Temporal Lobe

Answer 8

involved with perception and recognition of auditory stimuli (hearing); Auditory Cortex (hearing)

Question 9

Motor Cortex

Answer 9

frontal lobe; control voluntary movements; opposite sides controlled by brain (left hemisphere controls right side of brain and vice versa)

Question 10

Somatosensory Cortex

Answer 10

front edge of parietal lobe; registers and processes touch and movement sensations

Question 11

Cerebral Cortex and Reading

Answer 11

Step 1: Visual Cortex - sees what’s written
Step 2: Angular Gyrus - transforms visual input into language (inner voice)
Step 3: Wernicke’s Area - interprets auditory stimuli/understand language
Step 4: Broca’s Area - controls Speech
Step 5: Motor Cortex - say the word

Question 12

Wernicke’s Area

Answer 12

located in temportal lobe; damage - Wernicke’s Aphasia: can’t understand what’s said

Question 13

Broca’s Area

Answer 13

located in frontal lobe; damage - Broca’s Aphasia: know what to say but can’t say it

Question 14

Plasticity

Answer 14

the brain’s ability to change - especially during childhood - by reorganizing after damage or building new pathways based on experience

Question 15

Neruogenesis

Answer 15

the brain’s ability to produce new neurons

Question 16

Left Brain Hemisphere

Answer 16

Language Center (Broca’s Area, Wernicke’s Area), Logic, Reasoning, Math Calculcation

Question 17

Right Brain Hemisphere

Answer 17

Visual Cortex (visual perception), Making Inferences, Orchestrate Self-Awareness, Recognizing Emotion, Recognizing Faces

Question 18

Split Brain

Answer 18

Roger Sperry and Michael Gazzaniga

Question 19

Dual Processing

Answer 19

unconscious + conscious

Question 20

Parallel Processing

Answer 20

process well learned information/easy problems; can be unconscious: brain taking care of routine tasks

Question 21

Sequential Process

Answer 21

process new information/difficult problems; focused attention on one thing at a time