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MT6316 > UNIT 2: Planning for Clinical Laboratory Management > Flashcards

UNIT 2: Planning for Clinical Laboratory Management Flashcards

1
Q

The basic steps in the management planning process involve creating a road map that outlines each task the company must accomplish to meet its overall objectives
- short term goals
- long term goals

A

True

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2
Q

It is is the process of assessing an organization’s goals and creating a realistic, detailed plan of action for meeting those goals

A

Clinical Laboratory management planning

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3
Q

What are the three major process workflow stages?

A
  • Pre-examination or pre-analytical
  • Examination or analytical
  • Post-examination or post-analytical
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4
Q

What major process workflow stage is this?

  • Patient prep
  • Sample collection
  • Personnel competency test evaluation
  • Sample receipt and accessioning
  • Sample transport
A

Pre-examination or Preanalytical

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5
Q

What major process workflow stage is this?

Quality control testing

A

Examination or Analytical

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6
Q

What major process workflow stage is this?

  • Record keeping
  • Reporting
A

Post-examination or post-analytical

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7
Q

This ISO requires the organization to plan, identify, and monitor
- the internal and external issues affecting clinical laboratories
- the interested parties that are relevant to the organization’s purpose and its strategic direction
- and to consider external issues that could impact their business strategy, such as new technology and potential market forces (e.g., social and economic environments, international competition)

A

ISO 9001:2015

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8
Q

True or False

Planning focuses attention on the objectives of the clinical laboratory

A

True

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9
Q

True or False

Planning helps in coordinating interdepartmental goals and objectives in the clinical labs

A

True

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10
Q

It is the planning in the clinical laboratory which considers the entire set of operations that occur in testing of patient samples

A

The Path of Workflow

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11
Q

The path of workflow begins with the ________ and ends in _______

A
  • begins with patient
  • ends in reporting and results interpretation
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12
Q

Quality Management System ensures quality in the many processes and procedures performed in the clinical laboratory including:

A
  • the laboratory environment
  • quality control procedures
  • communications
  • record keeping
  • competent and knowledgeable staff
  • good-quality reagents and equipmen
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13
Q

What are the 12 areas under the Path of Workflow (recommended by WHO)

A
  1. Organization
  2. Personnel
  3. Equipment
  4. Purchasing & Inventory
  5. Process control
  6. Information Management
  7. Documents & Records
  8. Occurrence management
  9. Assessment
  10. Process improvement
  11. Costumer service
  12. Facilities and Safety
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14
Q

It is the planning of the structure and management of the laboratory that implements the quality policies ensures quality performance

A

Organization

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15
Q

It is the diligent planning of the most important laboratory resource (personnel), ensures competent and motivated teams in implementing quality management systems

A

Personnel

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16
Q

It is the planning of the acquisition and validation of equipment by carefully and properly choosing, and ensuring maintained systems through preventive maintenance programs helps an effective path of workflow

A

Equipment

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17
Q

It is the planning of reagents and supplies management in the laboratory which can produce cost savings and ensures supplies and reagent availability

A

Purchasing and Inventory

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18
Q

It is the planning of the process control which ensures quality control for testing, appropriate management of the sample, collection and handling, and method verification and validation

A

Process controls

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19
Q

It is the planning of the production of the main output of the clinical laboratory (information in the form of test reports) that ensures accuracy, confidentiality, and accessibility of the information which are managed through either paper systems or computers.

A

Information Management

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20
Q

It is the planning of the creation and storage of documents needed in the laboratory that informs how to do things ensures that documents are accurate, up to date, and accessible

A

Documents and Records

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21
Q

It is the planning for detecting and managing, detect these problems or occurrences, handling them properly, learning from mistakes and acting so that they do not happen again

A

Occurrence Management

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22
Q

It is an error or an event
that should not have happened

A

Occurrence Management

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23
Q

It is a tool for examining laboratory performance and comparing it to standards, benchmarks or the performance of other laboratories.

A

Assessment

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24
Q

True or False

Planning assessment may be internal (performed within the laboratory using its own staff) or it may be external (conducted by a group or agency outside the laboratory)

A

True

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25
Q

Planning for continuous improvement of the clinical laboratory processes is a primary goal and must be done in a systematic manner to ensure alignment, effectiveness, and efficiency

A

Process Improvement

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26
Q

Planning and benchmarking customer service ensures that that the laboratory understand and assess who their customers are and use feedback for making improvements to align with external changes

A

Customer Services

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27
Q

Planning for management of facilities and safety include:
- Security
- Containment
- Safety
- Ergonomics

A

Facilities and Safety

28
Q

It is the process of preventing unwanted risks and hazards from entering the laboratory space

A

Security

29
Q

It seeks to minimize risks and prevent hazards from leaving the laboratory space and causing harm to the community.

A

Containment

30
Q

It includes policies and procedures to prevent harm to workers, visitors and the community

A

Safety

31
Q

It addresses facility and equipment adaptation to allow safe and healthy working conditions at the laboratory site.

A

Ergonomics

32
Q

What are the qualities of a good planner?

A
  • Proficiency in the determination of objectives
  • Good judgement, imagination, forsight, & experience
  • Ability to evaluate laboratory opportunities & hazards
  • Ability to accept changes
33
Q

What are the indicators of poor planning?

A
  • Delivery dates not met
  • Idle machines
  • Materials wasted
  • Some machines doing jobs that should be done by smaller machines
  • Some laboratory personnel overworked, some underworked
  • Skilled wowrkers doing unskilled work
  • Laboratory personnel fumbling on jobs for which they have not been trained
  • Quarreling, bickering, buck-passing & confusing
34
Q

What are the benefits of good planning?

A
  • Jobs turn out on time
  • Good relationship with other departments
  • People using their highest skills
  • Workers know how their jobs fit into the total pattern
  • Machines doing their proper jobs
  • Equipment in good shape
  • Materials available
  • Waste kept to a minimum
35
Q

What does MBO mean?

A

Management by Objectives

36
Q

Setting goals and objectives is done through ________

A

Management by Objectives (MBO)

37
Q

What are the components under the MBO Process?

A
  1. Define organizational goals
  2. Define employees objectives
  3. Continuous monitoring performance and Progress
  4. Performance Evaluation
  5. Providing feedback
  6. Performance Appraisal
38
Q

MBO encourages what

A
  • Discussion
  • Interaction
  • Truly committed managers and involved employees in the decision-making process
39
Q

What are the components under the Hierarchy of Plans?

PMOSPRPB

A

From top to bottom
2. Purpose or Mission
2. Objectives
3. Strategies
4. Policies
5. Rules & Procedures
6. Programmes or projects
7. Budgets

40
Q

It is the organization’s purpose and philosophy

A

Mission

41
Q

It is the ultimate goal towards which the activities of the organization are directed

A

Objectives

42
Q

It is a general program of action and deployment of resources

A

Strategies

43
Q

It is a general statement or understanding which guide or channel thinking in decision making

A

Policies

44
Q

It states a series of related steps or tasks to be performed in a sequential way

A

Procedures

45
Q

It prescribes a course of action and explicitly states what is to be done

A

Rules

46
Q

It is a comprehensive plan that includes future use of different resources

A

Programs

47
Q

It is a statement of expected results expressed in numerical terms

A

Budgets

48
Q

What are the 3 types of plans?

A
  • Strategic plans
  • Tactical plans
  • Operational plans
49
Q

What type of plan is this?

  • it is the identification of the mission and of those objectives
  • most efficient pursuit
  • long-term goals for the next 5 years
  • top managers with final authority and responsibility
A

Strategic planning

50
Q

What type of plan is this?

  • action and deals with the method(s)
  • Short-range – strategy implementation (6 months – 2 years)
  • operational or technical skill
  • middle managers (supervisory staff)
A

Tactical planning

51
Q
  • detailed plan
  • team, section or department
  • Very short-term ( for the next 1 week to 1
    year    )
  • Responsibility of First-line managers
A

Operational planning

52
Q

True or False

Ensure that patients and patient samples have a common
pathway

A

False

patients and patient samples should have different pathways

53
Q

True or False

The design should have different circulation paths between the public and biological materials

A

True

54
Q

Reception area for incoming patients should be located as ____ as possible to the entry door

A

close to the entry door

55
Q

True or False

Only authorized personnel should have restricted access to rooms where analyses of samples are done, and hazardous chemicals or other materials are stored

A

True

56
Q

Access restriction can be accomplished through:

A
  • signs on door
  • locks
  • identification badges for staff
57
Q

It is the reception area and sample collection room located at the patient’s entrance

A

Sample collection Areas

58
Q
  • It is separated from other sections of the laboratory, but is nearby the testing areas
A

Sample processing areas

59
Q
  • clean and dirty laboratory materials should ________
  • contaminated materials should be ___________
A
  • never cross
  • isolated
60
Q
  • It is a form of communication system
  • It is efficient and reliable
  • It is the transferring of messages
A

Post-examination pathways

61
Q

What are the laboratories that may be removed from the central area?

A
  • Laboratories with greater turn-around-time (TAT)
  • Labs with less volume
  • Labs requiring special safety features (Clinical Microbiology and radio-assay laboratories)
62
Q

Molecular biology needs how many no. of rooms?

A

2 rooms

63
Q

Laboratory that has a specific requirement for the location of room are:

A
  • Molecular biology that needs two rooms.
  • Fluorescence Microscopy
  • Ultraviolet illumination systems for DNA gel photography
64
Q

True or False

The blood bank and the critical care laboratory procedures should be readily accessible to the emergency room, operating room, and ICU

A

True

65
Q

True or False

If the laboratory is serving an in-patient population, accessibility to corridors and elevators providing access to the main patient care unit is essential

A

True

66
Q

The intra-laboratory traffic flow must be ________ from the outside

A

separated

MT6316 (5 decks)

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