Unit 2: Plants

Question 1

What does autotrophs mean?

Answer 1

Don’t need of other organism to get its carbon (from inorganic form)

Question 2

Ancestor of plants

Answer 2

Green Algae

Question 3

What does haploid plants produce and using what

Answer 3

Haploid plants produces gamete using mitosis

Question 4

What does diploid plants produce and using what

Answer 4

Diploid organ produces spores using meiosis

Question 5

Name 2 exemples of bryophytes

Answer 5

mosses, liverworts

Question 6

3 features in all plants

Answer 6

waxy cuticle, stomata (holes/openings) with guard cells, alternation of generation

Question 7

2 exemples of seedless vascular plants

Answer 7

ferns, equisetum

Question 8

What is the order in which we organize the types of plants in function of their features

Answer 8

Bryophytes, seedless vascular plants, gymnosperms, angiosperms

Question 9

What are the two features of seedless vascular plants

Answer 9

Phloem and xylem

Question 10

What is the role of phloem

Answer 10

It transports products of photosynthesis

Question 11

What is the role of xylem

Answer 11

It transports water and minerals

Question 12

Name of polymer which xylem contains

Answer 12

Lignin, a material in cell walls that provides support and strengthens cells and plants

Question 13

Name 2 exemples of gymnosperms

Answer 13

Conifers, cycads, ginko, gnetophytes

Question 14

Name two new features in gymnosperms

Answer 14

Pollen and seed

Question 15

What is pollen

Answer 15

a multicellular, haploid, male reproductive organ

Question 16

What are the 3 parts forming the seeds

Answer 16

1) Embryo
2) endosperm
3) Seed coat

Question 17

Name 3 facts about endosperm

Answer 17

1) 3n for angiosperm
2) food for the baby
3) formed by the fusion of sperm and 2 nuclei of central cell

Question 18

What is the name of the flowering plants

Answer 18

angiosperms

Question 19

Name two examples of angiosperms

Answer 19

monocots - grasses

dicots - trees, and most other plants

Question 20

2 new features of angiosperms

Answer 20

1) develop from flowers

2) an ovary (the fruit which all contains seeds to which it provides protection)

Question 21

From which part of the flower is the pollen produced and released

Answer 21

Anther

Question 22

How the flower makes sure of the compatibility between the pollen and stigma

Answer 22

Structures on the surface of the reproductive organ recognize each other

Question 23

What is the role of the 2 haploid sperm released

Answer 23

1) fuses with egg nucleus forms zygote (embryo)

2) fuses with 2 nuclei of central cell to form 3n endosperm

Question 24

In the seed development, what process does endosperm undergoes?

Answer 24

Multiple nuclear divisions and cytokinesis

Question 25

What is the two part forming the polarity of the embryo

Answer 25

Apical (upper) devlops into embryo = shoots | Basal (lower) specialize stucture to transfer nutrients to embryo = roots

Question 26

What are the 3 primary tissues of the embryo

Answer 26

Epidermis Ground tissue Vascular

Question 27

What is primary meristems

Answer 27

cells that retain embryonic characteristic

Question 28

What are the characteristics of meristems

Answer 28

Produce specific tissues and organs, capable of regenerating themselves

Question 29

When is meristems established

Answer 29

During the heart stage and torpedo stage

Question 30

Role of the seed coat

Answer 30

Prevents from dry out and protect both the embryo and endosperm

Question 31

Name the 3 primary meristems

Answer 31

1) Procambium (future vascular tissue: xylem and phloem) 2) Shoot apical meristem (future stems and leaves) 3) Root apical meristem (future roots)

Question 32

What are the role of the stomata?

Answer 32

Allow gas exchange, decrease water loss