Unit 2 slide 2

Question 1

Memory

Answer 1

The enduring
consequence in the
mind of our
experiences with the
world

Question 2

Encoding

Answer 2

The process of taking new
information and storing it in short- and
long-term memory

Question 3

Automatic processing

Answer 3

Information made

available without conscious effort

Question 4

Incidental memory

Answer 4

Explicit knowledge

you did not intentionally encode

Question 5

Priming

Answer 5

The activation of information in

memory from a related cue

Question 6

Levels of Processing

Answer 6

Elaboration
Self-reference effect
Generation effect

Question 7

Elaboration

Answer 7

Tying new information to that

already stored in memory

Question 8

Self-reference effec

Answer 8

Associating

information with oneself to aid in retrieval

Question 9

Generation effect

Answer 9

Memory is better for

information that we create ourselves

Question 10

Method of loci

Answer 10

Mnemonic for
remembering items by placing them on a
familiar path

Question 11

Link method

Answer 11

Forming links between

concepts to make them more memorable

Question 12

The Three Stages of Memory

Answer 12

Sensory Memory
Short-Term Memory or Working
Memory
Long-Term Memory

Question 13

Sensory Memory

Answer 13

Iconic memory

Echoic memory

Question 14

• Iconic memory

Answer 14

Sensory memory for

visual information taken in

Question 15

Echoic memory

Answer 15

Sensory memory for the

sound reaching your ears

Question 16

Short-Term Memory or Working

Memory

Answer 16

Maintenance rehearsal
Chunking
Working memory span

Question 17

Maintenance rehearsal

Answer 17

Reactivating
information in short-term memory to keep
it in mind

Question 18

Chunking

Answer 18

Grouping separate elements

into a related unit in memory

Question 19

Working memory span

Answer 19

The amount of
different pieces of information that can be
held in conscious memory for a short time
and reported back correctly

Question 20

Long-Term Memory

Answer 20

: an essentially limitless store of informa- tion that appears to persist indefinitely.

Question 21

Semantic Memory

Answer 21

Concept
Category
Conceptual hierarchy

Question 22

Concept

Answer 22

A “building block” or basic unit

of knowledge

Question 23

Category

Answer 23

A cluster of similar concepts

Question 24

Conceptual hierarchy

Answer 24

Organization of

related concepts into levels of categories

Question 25

Episodic memory

Answer 25

Recall of your own personal, autobiographical experiences

Question 26

Flashbulb memory

Answer 26

An emotional or vivid event that appears to be well remembered

Question 27

Procedural memory

Answer 27

captures actions: how we move, perform, and manipulate objects.

Question 28

Retrieval Cues

Answer 28

Cued recall Encoding specificity Mood congruence

Question 29

Cued recall

Answer 29

Retrieving information from | related pieces of information

Question 30

Encoding specificity

Answer 30

The principle that cues present at encoding will be the best cues for retrieval

Question 31

Mood congruence

Answer 31

Matching emotional mood as a cue at encoding and retrieval to improve memory

Question 32

overlearning principle

Answer 32

shows that performance can still be improved even when accuracy is at 100%

Question 33

Source Monitoring

Answer 33

Memory for the | circumstances of acquiring information

Question 34

The misinformation effect

Answer 34

Adding new, incorrect information to a memory after the event

Question 35

False memories

Answer 35

``` Inaccurate information incorporated into memory – Implicit memory – Imagination inflation – Continued influence effect ```

Question 36

Relearning

Answer 36

A measure of forgetting and learning that is based on how easy it is to learn information again at a later time

Question 37

Theories of Forgetting

Answer 37

Decay theory Interference theory Spacing effect

Question 38

Decay theory

Answer 38

The notion that information fades from memory on its own

Question 39

Interference theory

Answer 39

New knowledge can disrupt recently learned memories

Question 40

Spacing effect

Answer 40

Learning is improved if study effort is distributed over time

Question 41

Types of Forgetting

Answer 41

Repression Alzheimer’s disease Dementia

Question 42

Repression

Answer 42

Mentally pushing away | explicit recall of unpleasant memories

Question 43

Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 43

A progressive memory disorder in which people lose access to explicit memory

Question 44

Dementia

Answer 44

Clinical diagnosis of major | memory loss with age or disease

Question 45

How to Improve Your Memory

Answer 45

* Actively construct memory * Schedule study sessions * Test to learn * Cue retrieval